Nanoporous metals processed by dealloying and their applications

Yong X. Gan; Yongping Zhang; Jeremy B. Gan; Yong X. Gan; Yongping Zhang; Jeremy B. Gan

doi:10.3934/matersci.2018.6.1141

AIMS Materials Science

2018, Volume 5, Issue 6: 1141-1183. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2018.6.1141

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Review Topical Sections

Nanoporous metals processed by dealloying and their applications

1.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, 3801 W Temple Avenue, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
2.
Department of Civil Engineering, California State Polytechnic University Pomona, 3801 W Temple Avenue, Pomona, CA 91768, USA
3.
Diamond Bar High School, 21400 Pathfinder Rd, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, USA

Received: 23 September 2018 Accepted: 12 November 2018 Published: 19 November 2018

Porous metals and alloys have many important characteristics such as light weight, high surface area, good electrical conductivity, and enhanced surface plasmonics. They have found many applications in chemical and biomedical engineering fields. This review deals with various dealloying techniques for making nanoporous metals, alloys, and composite materials. Typical dealloying processes and their recent development are introduced. The dealloying techniques include chemical etching, electrochemical leaching, high temperature element removal, thermic reduction, Galvanic replacement, template approach, physical vacuum processing, magnetic field induced processing, plasma reaction etc. Although various noble porous metals such as Pt, Pd, Au, and Ru were extensively studied earlier for applications in catalysis and energy storage/conversions, other porous metallic alloys are under investigations for the removal of pollutants, energy absorbing, filtration of metal ions, organic dyes, and microbial organisms. Advances in processing nanoporous particles, nanosheets, and porous fibers will be discussed. The applications of recently developed nanoporous metals are presented as well.
- porous metals and alloys,
- dealloying,
- nanostructure,
- manufacturing processes,
- energy storage,
- sensing,
- catalysis
Citation: Yong X. Gan, Yongping Zhang, Jeremy B. Gan. Nanoporous metals processed by dealloying and their applications[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2018, 5(6): 1141-1183. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2018.6.1141

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Abstract

Porous metals and alloys have many important characteristics such as light weight, high surface area, good electrical conductivity, and enhanced surface plasmonics. They have found many applications in chemical and biomedical engineering fields. This review deals with various dealloying techniques for making nanoporous metals, alloys, and composite materials. Typical dealloying processes and their recent development are introduced. The dealloying techniques include chemical etching, electrochemical leaching, high temperature element removal, thermic reduction, Galvanic replacement, template approach, physical vacuum processing, magnetic field induced processing, plasma reaction etc. Although various noble porous metals such as Pt, Pd, Au, and Ru were extensively studied earlier for applications in catalysis and energy storage/conversions, other porous metallic alloys are under investigations for the removal of pollutants, energy absorbing, filtration of metal ions, organic dyes, and microbial organisms. Advances in processing nanoporous particles, nanosheets, and porous fibers will be discussed. The applications of recently developed nanoporous metals are presented as well.

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