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AIMS Environmental Science

2016, Volume 3, Issue 4: 815-826. doi: 10.3934/environsci.2016.4.815
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Research article

Social Economy as a key factor for enhancing Blue Growth in Greece. A conceptual perspective

  • 1.
    European Centre for Environmental Research and Training, Department of International, European and Area Studies, Panteion University, Athens, Greece
  • 2.
    Marine Biology Research Group, Department of Biology, Ghent University, Gent, Belgium
  • 3.
    Maritime Institute, Department of Public International Law, Ghent University Gent, Belgium
  • Received: 17 July 2016 Accepted: 14 November 2016 Published: 17 November 2016

  • In recent years, Blue Economy has been an expanding concept in the EU, both as a tool for development as well as an economy transforming concept while its strategic orientation is reflected in EU’s Blue Growth strategy. On parallel Europe’s 2020 Strategy goals and their translation into targets for the member states, serves as a common ground for -among others- the implementation of Blue Growth goals and the enforcement of the activities of Social Economy Enterprises. Starting from this fact, a survey has been conducted to address: (a) the contribution of the Blue Growth goals to the activities of the Greek private and public economic sectors, as well as of the Social Economic one; (b) the current state of the art interaction between Blue Economy and Social Economy in Greece, and; (c) the current and future trends regarding the contribution of Social Cooperative Enterprises (SCE) as a tool for enhancing Blue Growth impact. Key findings include the level of engagement of SCEs with Blue Growth sectors, their potential of future involvement and the reasons for the current skepticism towards the Blue Growth potential. The above mentioned are complemented with a discussion on the viability and compatibility of a Blue Growth Social Concept adapted in the special environment of a heavily maritime related economy such as Greece.

    Citation: Dimitris Banousis, Zacharoula Kyriazi, Tilemachos Bourtzis. Social Economy as a key factor for enhancing Blue Growth in Greece. A conceptual perspective[J]. AIMS Environmental Science, 2016, 3(4): 815-826. doi: 10.3934/environsci.2016.4.815

    Related Papers:

  • In recent years, Blue Economy has been an expanding concept in the EU, both as a tool for development as well as an economy transforming concept while its strategic orientation is reflected in EU’s Blue Growth strategy. On parallel Europe’s 2020 Strategy goals and their translation into targets for the member states, serves as a common ground for -among others- the implementation of Blue Growth goals and the enforcement of the activities of Social Economy Enterprises. Starting from this fact, a survey has been conducted to address: (a) the contribution of the Blue Growth goals to the activities of the Greek private and public economic sectors, as well as of the Social Economic one; (b) the current state of the art interaction between Blue Economy and Social Economy in Greece, and; (c) the current and future trends regarding the contribution of Social Cooperative Enterprises (SCE) as a tool for enhancing Blue Growth impact. Key findings include the level of engagement of SCEs with Blue Growth sectors, their potential of future involvement and the reasons for the current skepticism towards the Blue Growth potential. The above mentioned are complemented with a discussion on the viability and compatibility of a Blue Growth Social Concept adapted in the special environment of a heavily maritime related economy such as Greece.


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    [1] European Commission (2012) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on “Blue Growth: opportunities for marine and maritime sustainable growth”, COM(2012) 494 final.
    [2] European Commission (2012) Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions Progress of the EU’s Integrated Maritime Policy, COM(2012) 491 final.
    [3] EC-European Commission. Communication from the commission “EUROPE 2020 A strategy for smart, sustainable and inclusive growth” (COM(2010) 2020), 2010.
    [4] ECORYS (2012) Blue Growth: scenarios and drivers for sustainable growth from the oceans, seas and coasts (European Commission – DG MARE).
    [5] European Parliament &; Council (EPC) (2014) Directive 2014/89/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 July 2014 establishing a framework for maritime spatial planning, Off. J. Eur. Union, L 257, 135-145.
    [6] European Parliament &; Council (EPC) (2008) Directive 2008/56/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 17 June 2008 establishing a framework for community action in the field of marine environmental policy (Marine Strategy Framework Directive) (OJ L 164, 25.6.2008, p. 19).
    [7] European Council (1992) Directive 92/43/EEC of 21 May 1992 on the conservation of natural habitats and of wild fauna and flora (OJ L 206, 22.7.1992, p.7).
    [8] Ferreira J (2015) Report on untapping the potential of research and innovation in the blue economy to create jobs and growth (2014/2240(INI)) Committee on Industry, Research and Energy.
    [9] Paramio L, Lopes Alves F, Cabral Vieira JA (2015) New Approaches in Coastal and Marine Management: Developing Frameworks of Ocean Services in Governance. In: Finkl, C.W. and Makowski, C. (eds.), Environmental Management and Governance, Advances in Coastal and Marine Resources. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland.
    [10] European Commission (2014) Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions concerning the European Union Strategy for the Adriatic and Ionian Region (COM(2014) 357 final).
    [11] EUNETMAR (2014) Study to support the development of sea-basin cooperation in the Mediterranean, Adriatic and Ionian, and Black Sea. Analysis of Blue Growth needs and potential per country. Executive summary. MARE/2012/07 - Ref. No 2.
    [12] Campos JLM, Ávila RC, The Social Economy In The European Union, Report drawn up for the European Economic and Social Committee by the International Centre of Research and Information on the Public, Social and Cooperative Economy (CIRIEC), “Visits and Publications” Unit, EESC-2012-55-EN, DOI 10, p.19534.
    [13] European Commission (2011) Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions, Social Business Initiative Creating a favourable climate for social enterprises, key stakeholders in the social economy and innovation. COM(2011) 682 final.
    [14] OECD/European Commission (2013) Policy Brief on Social Entrepreneurship. Entrepreneurial Activities in Europe.
    [15] Terjesen S, Lepoutre J, Justo R, et al. (2011) Global Entrepreneurship Monitor report on social entrepreneurship. Global Entrepreneurship Research Association (GERA). Babson College, Babson Park, MA, United States.
    [16] European Commission (2013) The social business initiative of the European Commission. Available from: http://ec.europa.eu/internal_market/publications/docs/sbi-brochure/sbi-brochure-print_en.pdf.
    [17] Nasioulas I (2015) Social Economy: A Viable Alternative? Policy Paper 2015: 1-12.
    [18] Nasioulas I (2012) Social Cooperatives in Greece. Introducing new forms of social economy and entrepreneurship. Int Rev Soc Res 2: 141-161.
    [19] DG MARE, The European Atlas of the Seas, available from: http://ec.europa.eu/maritimeaffairs/atlas/index_el.htm.
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  • © 2016 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
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