Measurement of bioimpedance and application of Cole model to study the effect of moisturizing cream on human skin

Arijit Roy; Somnath Bhattacharjee; Soumyajit Podder; Advaita Ghosh; Arijit Roy; Somnath Bhattacharjee; Soumyajit Podder; Advaita Ghosh

doi:10.3934/biophy.2020025

AIMS Biophysics

2020, Volume 7, Issue 4: 362-379. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2020025

Previous Article Next Article

Research article Special Issues

Measurement of bioimpedance and application of Cole model to study the effect of moisturizing cream on human skin

Department of Electronics, West Bengal State University, Barasat, Kolkata, India 700126

Received: 04 July 2020 Accepted: 04 September 2020 Published: 10 September 2020

A non-invasive method of measuring bioimpedance is presented to study the effect of moisturizing cream on human skin. A novel two-electrode system is developed to get electrical access at the area of interest on human skin. Controlled experiments are conducted for a duration of 47 days. Bioimpedance is measured by LCR meter in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 5 kHz. The measured impedance is then fitted with the Cole model and the relevant Cole parameters are extracted. Analysis of variance is performed on the Cole parameters to gain statistical relevance. It is found that one of the Cole parameters, namely the relaxation-time changes significantly due to the treatment of the skin with a moisturizing cream at more than 95% confidence level. The relaxation-time increases sharply during the treatment period and drops sharply in the post-treatment period. The effectiveness of the two types of cream is studied. The gender distinguishability during the application of a moisturizing cream is also studied. A very generic bioimpedance measurement method to assess the physiological condition of local skin is demonstrated here and the method has potential application in human skin related diseases and treatments.
- Cole model,
- bioimpedance,
- CPE,
- human skin,
- moisturizer
Citation: Arijit Roy, Somnath Bhattacharjee, Soumyajit Podder, Advaita Ghosh. Measurement of bioimpedance and application of Cole model to study the effect of moisturizing cream on human skin[J]. AIMS Biophysics, 2020, 7(4): 362-379. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2020025

Related Papers:

Abstract

A non-invasive method of measuring bioimpedance is presented to study the effect of moisturizing cream on human skin. A novel two-electrode system is developed to get electrical access at the area of interest on human skin. Controlled experiments are conducted for a duration of 47 days. Bioimpedance is measured by LCR meter in the frequency range of 1 Hz to 5 kHz. The measured impedance is then fitted with the Cole model and the relevant Cole parameters are extracted. Analysis of variance is performed on the Cole parameters to gain statistical relevance. It is found that one of the Cole parameters, namely the relaxation-time changes significantly due to the treatment of the skin with a moisturizing cream at more than 95% confidence level. The relaxation-time increases sharply during the treatment period and drops sharply in the post-treatment period. The effectiveness of the two types of cream is studied. The gender distinguishability during the application of a moisturizing cream is also studied. A very generic bioimpedance measurement method to assess the physiological condition of local skin is demonstrated here and the method has potential application in human skin related diseases and treatments.

Acknowledgments

The second author would like to acknowledge Govt. of West Bengal for providing Swami Vivekananda Merit-cum-Means (V3.0) Scholarship.

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflicts of interest in this paper.

References

[1]	Cole KS, Cole RH (1941) Dispersion and absorption in dielectrics I. Alternating current characteristics. J Chem Phys 9: 341-351.
[2]	Buendia R, Gil-Pita R, Seoane F (2019) Cole parameter estimation from the modulus of the electrical bioimpeadance for assessment of body composition. A full spectroscopy approach. J Elec Bioimpedance 2: 72-78.
[3]	Kyle UG, Bosaeus I, De Lorenzo AD, et al. (2004) Bioelectrical impedance analysis—part I: review of principles and methods. Clin Nutr 23: 1226-1243.
[4]	Birgersson U, Birgersson E, Ollmar S (2019) Estimating electrical properties and the thickness of skin with electrical impedance spectroscopy: Mathematical analysis and measurements. J Elec Bioimpedance 3: 51-60.
[5]	Qiao G, Wang W, Duan W, et al. (2012) Bioimpedance analysis for the characterization of breast cancer cells in suspension. IEEE T Biomed Eng 59: 2321-2329.
[6]	Halter RJ, Hartov A, Heaney JA, et al. (2007) Electrical impedance spectroscopy of the human prostate. IEEE T Biomed Eng 54: 1321-1327.
[7]	Huang WH, Chui CK, Teoh SH, et al. (2012) A multiscale model for bioimpedance dispersion of liver tissue. IEEE T Biomed Eng 59: 1593-1597.
[8]	Nescolarde L, Yanguas J, Lukaski H, et al. (2013) Localized bioimpedance to assess muscle injury. Physiol Meas 34: 237-245.
[9]	Dodde RE, Bull JL, Shih AJ (2012) Bioimpedance of soft tissue under compression. Physiol Meas 33: 1095-1109.
[10]	Naranjo-Hernández D, Reina-Tosina J, Min M (2019) Fundamentals, recent advances, and future challenges in bioimpedance devices for healthcare applications. J Sensors 2019: 9210258.
[11]	Bera TK (2014) Bioelectrical impedance methods for noninvasive health monitoring: a review. J Med Eng 2014: 381251.
[12]	Ward LC (2019) Bioelectrical impedance analysis for body composition assessment: reflections on accuracy, clinical utility, and standardisation. Eur J Clin Nutr 73: 194-199.
[13]	Lingwood BE (2013) Bioelectrical impedance analysis for assessment of fluid status and body composition in neonates—the good, the bad and the unknown. Eur J Clin Nutr 67: S28-S33.
[14]	Lazović G, Vosika Z, Lazarević M, et al. (2014) Modeling of bioimpedance for human skin based on fractional distributed-order modified cole model. FME T 42: 74-81.
[15]	Schandra P, Budi S, Niken I, et al. (2017) The role of moisturizers in addressing various kinds of dermatitis: a review. Clin Med Res 15: 75-87.
[16]	Lodén M (2005) The clinical benefit of moisturizers. J Eur Acad Dermatol 19: 672-688.
[17]	Martinsen ØG, Grimnes S (2008) Long-term effect of some skin moisturizers. Open Dermatol J 2: 87-89.
[18]	Martinsen ØG, Grimnes S, Nilsen JK, et al. (2007) Calibration of skin hydration measurements. 13th International Conference on Electrical Bioimpedance and the 8th Conference on Electrical Impedance Tomography Berlin: Springer, 161-164.
[19]	Roy A, Mallick A, Das S, et al. (2020) An experimental method of bioimpedance measurement and analysis for discriminating tissues of fruit or vegetable. AIMS Biophys 7: 41-53.
[20]	Bera TK (2018) Bioelectrical impedance and the frequency dependent current conduction through biological tissues: A short review. IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 331: 012005.
[21]	Clar EJ, Her CP, Sturelle CG (1975) Skin impedance and moisturization. J Soc Cosmet Chem 26: 337-353.
[22]	Martinsen ØG, Grimnes S (2001) Facts and myths about electrical measurement of stratum corneum hydration state. Dermatology 202: 87-89.
[23]	Yúfera A, Rueda A (2008) A method for bioimpedance measure with four- and two-electrode sensor systems. 30th Annual International IEEE EMBS Conference 2318-2321.
[24]	Martinsen ØG, Grimnes S, Karlsen J (1995) Electrical methods for skin moisture assessment. Skin Pharmacol 8: 237-245.
[25]	Martinsen ØG, Grimnes S, Nilsen SH (2008) Water sorption and electrical properties of a human nail. Skin Res Technol 14: 142-146.
[26]	Freeborn TJ, Maundy B, Elwakil A (2012) Improved Cole-Cole parameter extraction from frequency response using least squares fitting. 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Circuits and Systems 2: 337-340.
[27]	Freeborn TJ, Maundy B, Elwakil AS (2012) Least squares estimation technique of Cole-Cole parameters from step response. Electron Lett 48: 752-754.
[28]	Bouslimani A, da Silva R, Kosciolek T, et al. (2019) The impact of skin care products on skin chemistry and microbiome dynamics. BMC Biol 17: 47.
[29]	Bicen AO, West LL, Cesar L, et al. (2018) Toward non-invasive and automatic intravenous infiltration detection: evaluation of bioimpedance and skin strain in a pig model. IEEE J of Transl Eng He Med 6: 4100207.

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2020 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)