Regulation of vesicular trafficking by Parkinson's disease-associated genes

Tsuyoshi Inoshita; Yuzuru Imai; Tsuyoshi Inoshita; Yuzuru Imai

doi:10.3934/molsci.2015.4.461

AIMS Molecular Science

2015, Volume 2, Issue 4: 461-475. doi: 10.3934/molsci.2015.4.461

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Review Special Issues

Regulation of vesicular trafficking by Parkinson's disease-associated genes

Tsuyoshi Inoshita ,
Yuzuru Imai ^,

Department of Research for Parkinson's Disease, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan

Received: 29 September 2015 Accepted: 28 October 2015 Published: 30 October 2015

The regulatory mechanisms that control intracellular vesicular trafficking play important roles in cellular function and viability. Neurons have specific vesicular trafficking systems for synaptic vesicle formation, release and recycling. Synaptic vesicular trafficking impairments induce neuronal dysfunction and physiological and behavioral disorders. Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopamine depletion and loss of dopamine neurons in the midbrain. The molecular mechanism responsible for the neurodegeneration that occurs during PD is still not understood; however, recent functional analyses of familial PD causative genes suggest that a number of PD causative genes regulate intracellular vesicular trafficking, including synaptic vesicular dynamics. This review focuses on recent insights regarding the functions of PD causative genes, their relationship with vesicular trafficking and how mutations associated with PD affect vesicular dynamics and neuronal survival.
- Parkinson's disease,
- vesicular trafficking,
- synaptic vesicle dynamics,
- endosome,
- exocytosis,
- endocytosis,
- retromer,
- neurodegeneration
Citation: Tsuyoshi Inoshita, Yuzuru Imai. Regulation of vesicular trafficking by Parkinson's disease-associated genes[J]. AIMS Molecular Science, 2015, 2(4): 461-475. doi: 10.3934/molsci.2015.4.461

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Abstract

The regulatory mechanisms that control intracellular vesicular trafficking play important roles in cellular function and viability. Neurons have specific vesicular trafficking systems for synaptic vesicle formation, release and recycling. Synaptic vesicular trafficking impairments induce neuronal dysfunction and physiological and behavioral disorders. Parkinson's disease (PD) is an age-dependent neurodegenerative disorder characterized by dopamine depletion and loss of dopamine neurons in the midbrain. The molecular mechanism responsible for the neurodegeneration that occurs during PD is still not understood; however, recent functional analyses of familial PD causative genes suggest that a number of PD causative genes regulate intracellular vesicular trafficking, including synaptic vesicular dynamics. This review focuses on recent insights regarding the functions of PD causative genes, their relationship with vesicular trafficking and how mutations associated with PD affect vesicular dynamics and neuronal survival.

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