Assessment of serum interleukin 19 level in patients with warts

Radwa El-Sayed Mahmoud Marie; Aya Mohamed kamal Lasheen; Hebat-Allah Hassan Nashaat; Mona A. Atwa; Radwa El-Sayed Mahmoud Marie; Aya Mohamed kamal Lasheen; Hebat-Allah Hassan Nashaat; Mona A. Atwa

doi:10.3934/molsci.2023001

AIMS Molecular Science

2023, Volume 10, Issue 1: 1-10. doi: 10.3934/molsci.2023001

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Research article

Assessment of serum interleukin 19 level in patients with warts

1.
Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Andrology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
2.
Department of Dermatology, Ministry of Health and Population, Damietta Hospital for Dermatology and Leprosy, Damietta, Egypt
3.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt

Received: 13 September 2022 Revised: 08 December 2022 Accepted: 20 December 2022 Published: 12 January 2023

Background: Warts are viral cutaneous infections caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), presented by verrucous growth over the skin surface. The cell mediated immune response is considered to play a crucial role in HPV clearance. The viral load and number of lesions increase when there is an imbalance between the T-helper 1 and T-helper 2 immune responses. Interleukin (IL)-19 is a cytokine that belongs to interleukin 10 cytokines family and constitutes a sub-family with IL-20, IL-22 and IL-24. IL-19 is mainly produced by activated monocytes and to a lesser extent by B-cells, keratinocytes and fetal membranes. IL-19 was found to shift T-cell maturation away from the pro-inflammatory T-helper 1 cells toward the anti-inflammatory T-helper 2 cells. It induces IL-4 and IL-13 production in T cells and apoptosis in monocytes. Aim: This study aimed to measure serum level of IL-19 in patients with warts compared to healthy controls and to find out the correlation between this level and number, size and clinical types of warts. Methods: The study included 50 patients with warts and 50 control subjects. Serum concentration of IL-19 was measured by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. Results: Interleukin-19 serum level was significantly lower in patients with warts than in controls (P < 0.003). Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between IL-19 serum level and the number of warts (P = 0.027). Conclusion: Serum level of IL-19 was significantly lower in patients with warts, and this low level might be crucial for an effective cell mediated immunological response to HPV.
- wart,
- infection,
- interleukin-19,
- human papilloma virus,
- immunological response
Citation: Radwa El-Sayed Mahmoud Marie, Aya Mohamed kamal Lasheen, Hebat-Allah Hassan Nashaat, Mona A. Atwa. Assessment of serum interleukin 19 level in patients with warts[J]. AIMS Molecular Science, 2023, 10(1): 1-10. doi: 10.3934/molsci.2023001

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Abstract

Background: Warts are viral cutaneous infections caused by human papilloma virus (HPV), presented by verrucous growth over the skin surface. The cell mediated immune response is considered to play a crucial role in HPV clearance. The viral load and number of lesions increase when there is an imbalance between the T-helper 1 and T-helper 2 immune responses. Interleukin (IL)-19 is a cytokine that belongs to interleukin 10 cytokines family and constitutes a sub-family with IL-20, IL-22 and IL-24. IL-19 is mainly produced by activated monocytes and to a lesser extent by B-cells, keratinocytes and fetal membranes. IL-19 was found to shift T-cell maturation away from the pro-inflammatory T-helper 1 cells toward the anti-inflammatory T-helper 2 cells. It induces IL-4 and IL-13 production in T cells and apoptosis in monocytes. Aim: This study aimed to measure serum level of IL-19 in patients with warts compared to healthy controls and to find out the correlation between this level and number, size and clinical types of warts. Methods: The study included 50 patients with warts and 50 control subjects. Serum concentration of IL-19 was measured by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay. Results: Interleukin-19 serum level was significantly lower in patients with warts than in controls (P < 0.003). Moreover, there was a significant positive correlation between IL-19 serum level and the number of warts (P = 0.027). Conclusion: Serum level of IL-19 was significantly lower in patients with warts, and this low level might be crucial for an effective cell mediated immunological response to HPV.

Abbreviations

Interleukin

HPV

Human papilloma virus

T-helper

ELISA

Enzyme-Linked Immune-sorbent Assay

HRP

Horseradish Peroxidase

optical density

HBV

Hepatitis B virus

Conflicts of Interest

All authors declare no conflicts of interest in this paper.

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