Modulation of antimicrobial efflux pumps of the major facilitator superfamily in <em>Staphylococcus aureus</em>

Manjusha Lekshmi; Parvathi Ammini; Jones Adjei; Leslie M. Sanford; Ugina Shrestha; Sanath Kumar; Manuel F. Varela; Manjusha Lekshmi; Parvathi Ammini; Jones Adjei; Leslie M. Sanford; Ugina Shrestha; Sanath Kumar; Manuel F. Varela

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2018.1.1

AIMS Microbiology

2018, Volume 4, Issue 1: 1-18. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.1.1

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Review Topical Sections

Modulation of antimicrobial efflux pumps of the major facilitator superfamily in Staphylococcus aureus

1.
QC Laboratory, Harvest and Post Harvest Technology Division, ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education (CIFE), Seven Bungalows, Versova, Andheri (W), Mumbai, 400061, India
2.
CSIR-National Institute of Oceanography (NIO), Regional Centre, Dr. Salim Ali Road, Kochi, 682018, India
3.
Eastern New Mexico, Department of Biology, Station 33, 1500 South Avenue K, Portales, NM, 88130, USA

Received: 19 September 2017 Accepted: 19 December 2017 Published: 04 January 2018

Variants of the microorganism Staphylococcus aureus which are resistant to antimicrobial agents exist as causative agents of serious infectious disease and constitute a considerable public health concern. One of the main antimicrobial resistance mechanisms harbored by S. aureus pathogens is exemplified by integral membrane transport systems that actively remove antimicrobial agents from bacteria where the cytoplasmic drug targets reside, thus allowing the bacteria to survive and grow. An important class of solute transporter proteins, called the major facilitator superfamily, includes related and homologous passive and secondary active transport systems, many of which are antimicrobial efflux pumps. Transporters of the major facilitator superfamily, which confer antimicrobial efflux and bacterial resistance in S. aureus, are good targets for development of resistance-modifying agents, such as efflux pump inhibition. Such modulatory action upon these antimicrobial efflux systems of the major facilitator superfamily in S. aureus may circumvent resistance and restore the clinical efficacy of therapy towards S. aureus infection.
- Staphylococcus aureus,
- efflux pump inhibitors,
- modulation,
- multidrug resistance,
- antimicrobial resistance,
- bacteria,
- pathogens
Citation: Manjusha Lekshmi, Parvathi Ammini, Jones Adjei, Leslie M. Sanford, Ugina Shrestha, Sanath Kumar, Manuel F. Varela. Modulation of antimicrobial efflux pumps of the major facilitator superfamily in Staphylococcus aureus[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2018, 4(1): 1-18. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.1.1

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Abstract

Variants of the microorganism Staphylococcus aureus which are resistant to antimicrobial agents exist as causative agents of serious infectious disease and constitute a considerable public health concern. One of the main antimicrobial resistance mechanisms harbored by S. aureus pathogens is exemplified by integral membrane transport systems that actively remove antimicrobial agents from bacteria where the cytoplasmic drug targets reside, thus allowing the bacteria to survive and grow. An important class of solute transporter proteins, called the major facilitator superfamily, includes related and homologous passive and secondary active transport systems, many of which are antimicrobial efflux pumps. Transporters of the major facilitator superfamily, which confer antimicrobial efflux and bacterial resistance in S. aureus, are good targets for development of resistance-modifying agents, such as efflux pump inhibition. Such modulatory action upon these antimicrobial efflux systems of the major facilitator superfamily in S. aureus may circumvent resistance and restore the clinical efficacy of therapy towards S. aureus infection.

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