Analysis of the impact of offshore wind power on the Japanese energy grid

YingTung Chen; Kristina Knüpfer; Miguel Esteban; Tomoya Shibayama; YingTung Chen; Kristina Knüpfer; Miguel Esteban; Tomoya Shibayama

doi:10.3934/energy.2023006

AIMS Energy

2023, Volume 11, Issue 1: 110-134. doi: 10.3934/energy.2023006

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Research article Special Issues

Analysis of the impact of offshore wind power on the Japanese energy grid

Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, 169-8555 Tokyo, Japan

Received: 08 December 2022 Revised: 28 January 2023 Accepted: 03 February 2023 Published: 15 February 2023

As part of its economy-wide decarbonization target towards 2050, Japan plans to increase renewable generation, especially offshore wind, for which the country has a high potential. However, this resource is currently under-developed as available turbines are prone to shut-downs and can even suffer damage during the passage of typhoons. With new typhoon proof (T-class) turbines being currently developed by various companies, Japan now aims to develop 10 GW of offshore wind between 2021 and 2030, and 91 GW in the long-term. This research estimates the impact of integrating offshore wind into the Japanese main power grid using T-class turbines by considering three scenarios. First, a business-as-usual (BAU) case with 10 GW offshore wind capacity (following the 6^th Strategic Energy Plan of Japan). Second, an offshore wind capacity of 91 GW. Third, the 91 GW offshore capacity being redistributed amongst regions to maximize its integration opportunities (Scenario 2). The simulations were carried out using the Energy System simulation model (EnSym). The results show that the BAU and Scenario 1 resulted in offshore wind achieving 1.7% and 7.28% of generation share, respectively, increasing to 9.77% for Scenario 2. Increasing the share of offshore wind in the energy mix mainly replaced liquefied natural gas (LNG).
- offshore wind,
- T-class turbine,
- renewable energy mix,
- typhoon,
- energy system modelling,
- Japan
Citation: YingTung Chen, Kristina Knüpfer, Miguel Esteban, Tomoya Shibayama. Analysis of the impact of offshore wind power on the Japanese energy grid[J]. AIMS Energy, 2023, 11(1): 110-134. doi: 10.3934/energy.2023006

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Abstract

As part of its economy-wide decarbonization target towards 2050, Japan plans to increase renewable generation, especially offshore wind, for which the country has a high potential. However, this resource is currently under-developed as available turbines are prone to shut-downs and can even suffer damage during the passage of typhoons. With new typhoon proof (T-class) turbines being currently developed by various companies, Japan now aims to develop 10 GW of offshore wind between 2021 and 2030, and 91 GW in the long-term. This research estimates the impact of integrating offshore wind into the Japanese main power grid using T-class turbines by considering three scenarios. First, a business-as-usual (BAU) case with 10 GW offshore wind capacity (following the 6^th Strategic Energy Plan of Japan). Second, an offshore wind capacity of 91 GW. Third, the 91 GW offshore capacity being redistributed amongst regions to maximize its integration opportunities (Scenario 2). The simulations were carried out using the Energy System simulation model (EnSym). The results show that the BAU and Scenario 1 resulted in offshore wind achieving 1.7% and 7.28% of generation share, respectively, increasing to 9.77% for Scenario 2. Increasing the share of offshore wind in the energy mix mainly replaced liquefied natural gas (LNG).

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