Experimental investigation of improving the solar desalination system for domestic buildings: Iraq as a case of study

Layth Abed Hasnawi Al-Rubaye; Ahmed Al-Samari; Saad Theeyab Faris; Saadoon Abdul Hafedh; Layth Abed Hasnawi Al-Rubaye; Ahmed Al-Samari; Saad Theeyab Faris; Saadoon Abdul Hafedh

doi:10.3934/energy.2022051

AIMS Energy

2022, Volume 10, Issue 5: 1077-1099. doi: 10.3934/energy.2022051

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Experimental investigation of improving the solar desalination system for domestic buildings: Iraq as a case of study

1.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, College of Engineering, University of Diyala, Diyala, Iraq
2.
Mechanical and Aerospace Engineering Department (alumni, PhD), West Virginia University, 26505, USA

Received: 29 June 2022 Revised: 23 September 2022 Accepted: 05 October 2022 Published: 20 October 2022

Iraq encounters climatic challenges that lead to severe rainfall shortages and compound the regional challenges that lead to reduced rates of supplying rivers. In this research, the proposed design helps obtain pure water from polluted or saline water t lower, more competitive costs that can supply nearly 80% of the Iraqi markets.

The system harvests 2 L/day of pure water by adding 5 liters of saline water, a 209% daily improvement. The system consists of 1.125 m² of double slope single basin solar still with a tilt angle of 30°, pipes, and measurement instrumentation.

Maximum inside temperature, humidity, valuable energy, and efficiency have 77 ℃, 35%, 4.02 W/m², and 76%, respectively. System analysis results demonstrated that the average water condensation rate per square meter is about 0.4 L/hr. Finally, the rate of pure water harvesting from this desalination system, per square meter, is about 0.282 L/m² per day when the average intensity of solar radiation reaches 165 W/m². Two scenarios have been suggested for the experiment. The first scenario tests the system by limiting two water levels, the first at 0.75 cm and the second at 3 cm. The second scenario includes the same design with a black cloth set in the basin demonstrates the most promising data. A wet pad regularly cools down one side of the glass to increase the water vapor condensation and production quantity by 173% to enhancing water production significantly.
- solar energy,
- renewable energy,
- desalination water,
- domestic buildings,
- condensation
Citation: Layth Abed Hasnawi Al-Rubaye, Ahmed Al-Samari, Saad Theeyab Faris, Saadoon Abdul Hafedh. Experimental investigation of improving the solar desalination system for domestic buildings: Iraq as a case of study[J]. AIMS Energy, 2022, 10(5): 1077-1099. doi: 10.3934/energy.2022051

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Abstract

Iraq encounters climatic challenges that lead to severe rainfall shortages and compound the regional challenges that lead to reduced rates of supplying rivers. In this research, the proposed design helps obtain pure water from polluted or saline water t lower, more competitive costs that can supply nearly 80% of the Iraqi markets.

The system harvests 2 L/day of pure water by adding 5 liters of saline water, a 209% daily improvement. The system consists of 1.125 m² of double slope single basin solar still with a tilt angle of 30°, pipes, and measurement instrumentation.

Maximum inside temperature, humidity, valuable energy, and efficiency have 77 ℃, 35%, 4.02 W/m², and 76%, respectively. System analysis results demonstrated that the average water condensation rate per square meter is about 0.4 L/hr. Finally, the rate of pure water harvesting from this desalination system, per square meter, is about 0.282 L/m² per day when the average intensity of solar radiation reaches 165 W/m². Two scenarios have been suggested for the experiment. The first scenario tests the system by limiting two water levels, the first at 0.75 cm and the second at 3 cm. The second scenario includes the same design with a black cloth set in the basin demonstrates the most promising data. A wet pad regularly cools down one side of the glass to increase the water vapor condensation and production quantity by 173% to enhancing water production significantly.

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