Research article

Who wants to work and why? workplace practices, job satisfaction and the will to work

  • Received: 16 June 2022 Revised: 23 August 2022 Accepted: 25 August 2022 Published: 16 September 2022
  • JEL Codes: J28, J81

  • Beyond the obvious positive effect on employees, job satisfaction is also critical for organizations. Job satisfaction affects workers' turnover intents, while also predicting employees' commitment to their workplace and their performances. Thus, not surprisingly, most organizations strive for employee satisfaction. The goal of the study is to examine which job characteristics and workplace practices affect the job satisfaction of employees, and particularly that of older ones (55+), and, in turn, enhance their will to work and may encourage them to work longer. Our analysis of the Social Survey for 2016 from the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics focused on job conditions and revealed that income satisfaction, additional benefits, a sense of belonging and work-life balance enhance job satisfaction and the desire to work longer, particularly among older workers. Among younger workers, a higher significance was found for professional training and skills. Implications for organizations and policymakers are discussed.

    Citation: Hila Axelrad, Albert Yirmiyahu. Who wants to work and why? workplace practices, job satisfaction and the will to work[J]. National Accounting Review, 2022, 4(3): 287-309. doi: 10.3934/NAR.2022017

    Related Papers:

  • Beyond the obvious positive effect on employees, job satisfaction is also critical for organizations. Job satisfaction affects workers' turnover intents, while also predicting employees' commitment to their workplace and their performances. Thus, not surprisingly, most organizations strive for employee satisfaction. The goal of the study is to examine which job characteristics and workplace practices affect the job satisfaction of employees, and particularly that of older ones (55+), and, in turn, enhance their will to work and may encourage them to work longer. Our analysis of the Social Survey for 2016 from the Israel Central Bureau of Statistics focused on job conditions and revealed that income satisfaction, additional benefits, a sense of belonging and work-life balance enhance job satisfaction and the desire to work longer, particularly among older workers. Among younger workers, a higher significance was found for professional training and skills. Implications for organizations and policymakers are discussed.



    加载中


    [1] Andresen M, Domsch ME, Cascorbi AH (2007) Working unusual hours and its relationship to job satisfaction: a study of European maritime pilots. J Labor Res 28: 714–734. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-007-9010-5 doi: 10.1007/s12122-007-9010-5
    [2] Armstrong-Stassen M, Ursel ND (2009) Perceived organizational support, career satisfaction, and the retention of older workers. J Occup Organ Psychol 82: 201–220. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317908X288838 doi: 10.1348/096317908X288838
    [3] Artz B, Kaya I (2014) The impact of job security on job satisfaction in economic contractions versus expansions. Appl Econ 46: 2873–2890. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036846.2014.914148 doi: 10.1080/00036846.2014.914148
    [4] Axelrad H, Eckstein Z, Larom T (2021) Economic Benefits of Employing Older Workers, Policy Paper 12.2021, Aaron Institute for Economic Policy.
    [5] Axelrad H, Luski I, Malul M (2016) Behavioral biases in the labor market, differences between older and younger individuals. J BehavExp Econ 60: 23–28. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2015.11.003 doi: 10.1016/j.socec.2015.11.003
    [6] Axelrad H, Luski I, Malul M (2017) Reservation wages and unemployment among older workers. J Labor Res 38: 206–227. https://doi.org/10.1007/s12122-017-9247-6 doi: 10.1007/s12122-017-9247-6
    [7] Axelrad H, Mahoney JK (2017) Increasing the pensionable age: What changes are OECD countries making? What considerations are driving policy? Open J Soc Sci 5: 56–70. https://doi.org/10.4236/jss.2017.57005 doi: 10.4236/jss.2017.57005
    [8] Aziri B (2011) Job satisfaction: A literature review. Manag Res Prac 3: 77–86.
    [9] Bruck CS, Allen TD, Spector PE (2002) The relation between work–family conflict and job satisfaction: A finer-grained analysis. J Vocat Behav 60: 336-353. https://doi.org/10.1006/jvbe.2001.1836 doi: 10.1006/jvbe.2001.1836
    [10] Cardozo AR, Nowak-Lehmann DF, Zebaze Djiofack C (2019) Migration and Remittances in Haiti: Their Welfare Impact on Poor and Non-Poor Households.
    [11] Carstensen LL (1992) Social and emotional patterns in adulthood: Support for socioemotional selectivity theory. Psychol Aging 7: 331–338. https://doi.org/10.1037/0882-7974.7.3.331 doi: 10.1037/0882-7974.7.3.331
    [12] Carrillo-García C, Solano-Ruíz MDC, Martínez-Roche ME, et al. (2013) Job satisfaction among health care workers: the role of gender and age. Rev Lat Am Enfermagem 21: 1314–1320. https://doi.org/10.1590/0104-1169.3224.2369 doi: 10.1590/0104-1169.3224.2369
    [13] Clark AE, Mavromaras K, Wei Z (2014) Happy to stay: Job satisfaction and retirement. NILS Working Paper Series Working Paper No: 211.
    [14] Cote S, Morgan LM (2002) A longitudinal analysis of the association between emotion regulation, job satisfaction, and intentions to quit. J Organ Behav 23: 947–962. https://doi.org/10.1002/job.174 doi: 10.1002/job.174
    [15] Damman M, Henkens K, Kalmijn M (2013) Late-career work disengagement: The role of proximity to retirement and career experiences. J Geron Ser B: Psychol Sci Soc Sci 68: 455–463. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbt001 doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbt001
    [16] Muñoz de Bustillo Llorente R, Macias EF (2005) Job satisfaction as an indicator of the quality of work. J Soc-Econ 34: 656–673. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socec.2005.07.027 doi: 10.1016/j.socec.2005.07.027
    [17] DeSantis VS, Durst SL (1996) Comparing job satisfaction among public-and private-sector employees. Am Rev Pub Admin 26: 327–343. https://doi.org/10.1177/027507409602600305 doi: 10.1177/027507409602600305
    [18] Dobrow Riza S, Ganzach Y, Liu Y (2018) Time and job satisfaction: A longitudinal study of the differential roles of age and tenure. J Manage 44: 2558–2579. https://doi.org/10.1177/0149206315624962 doi: 10.1177/0149206315624962
    [19] Dunn OJ (1959) Estimation of the medians for dependent variables. Ann Math Statist 30: 192-197. https://doi.org/10.1214/aoms/1177706374 doi: 10.1214/aoms/1177706374
    [20] Dunn OJ (1961) Multiple comparisons among means. J Am Stat Assoc 56: 52–64. https://doi.org/10.1080/01621459.1961.10482090 doi: 10.1080/01621459.1961.10482090
    [21] Ellickson MC, Logsdon K (2002). Determinants of job satisfaction of municipal government employees. Pub Person Manag 31: 343–358. https://doi.org/10.1177/009102600203100307
    [22] Ensher EA, Grant-Vallone EJ, Donaldson SI (2001) Effects of perceived discrimination on job satisfaction, organizational commitment, organizational citizenship behavior, and grievances. Hum Resour Dev Q 12: 53–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/1532-1096(200101/02)12:1<53::AID-HRDQ5>3.0.CO;2-G doi: 10.1002/1532-1096(200101/02)12:1<53::AID-HRDQ5>3.0.CO;2-G
    [23] Fisher GG, Ryan LH, Sonnega A, et al. (2016) Job lock, work, and psychological well-being in the United States. Work Aging Ret 2: 345–358. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/waw004 doi: 10.1093/workar/waw004
    [24] Foley PF, Lytle MC (2015) Social cognitive career theory, the theory of work adjustment, and work satisfaction of retirement-age adults. J Career Dev 42: 199–214. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845314553270 doi: 10.1177/0894845314553270
    [25] Franěk M, Večeřa J (2008) Personal characteristics and job satisfaction. E M Ekon Manag 1: 63–76.
    [26] Gazioglu S, Tansel A (2006) Job satisfaction in Britain: Individual and job related factors. Appl Econ 38: 1163–1171. https://doi.org/10.1080/00036840500392987 doi: 10.1080/00036840500392987
    [27] Grandey AA, Cordeiro BL, Crouter AC, (2005) A longitudinal and multi-source test of the work–family conflict and job satisfaction relationship. J Occup Organ Psychol 78: 305–323. https://doi.org/10.1348/096317905X26769 doi: 10.1348/096317905X26769
    [28] Greene WH, (2018) Econometric Analysis/Limdep Users Manual. Available from: http://cee.eng.usf.edu/faculty/flm/CE697N_files/ealimdep.pdf.
    [29] Griffin B, Bayl-Smith P, Hesketh B (2016) The longitudinal effects of perceived age discrimination on the job satisfaction and work withdrawal of older employees. Work Aging Ret 2: 415–427. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/waw014 doi: 10.1093/workar/waw014
    [30] Groot W, Maassen van den Brink M (1999) Job satisfaction of older workers. Inte J Manpower 20: 343–360. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437729910289701 doi: 10.1108/01437729910289701
    [31] Hackman JR, Oldham GR (1975) Development of the job diagnostic survey. J Appl Psychol 60: 159–170. https://doi.org/10.1037/h0076546 doi: 10.1037/h0076546
    [32] Hausman JA (1978) Specification tests in econometrics. Econometrica 46: 1251–1271.
    [33] Herzberg FI (1966) Work and the Nature of Man. World Publishing Company.
    [34] Higgs P, Mein G, Ferrie J, et al. (2003) Pathways to early retirement: Structure and agency in decision-making among British civil servants. Ageing Soc 23: 761–778. https://doi.org/10.1017/S0144686X03001326 doi: 10.1017/S0144686X03001326
    [35] Hill EJ, Erickson JJ, Fellows KJ, et al. (2014) Work and family over the life course: Do older workers differ? J Fam Econ Issues 35: 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10834-012-9346-8 doi: 10.1007/s10834-012-9346-8
    [36] Hill RC, Griffiths WE, Lim GC (2018) Principles of Econometrics. John Wiley & Sons.
    [37] Howell DC (2012) Statistical Methods for Psychology. Cengage Learning.
    [38] Hur H, Maurer JA, Hawley J (2019) The role of education, occupational match on job satisfaction in the behavioral and social science workforce. Hum Resour Dev Q 30: 407–435. https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21343 doi: 10.1002/hrdq.21343
    [39] Igbaria M, Guimaraes T (1993) Antecedents and consequences of job satisfaction among information center employees. J Manag Info Sys 9:145–174. https://doi.org/10.1080/07421222.1993.11517983 doi: 10.1080/07421222.1993.11517983
    [40] Judge TA, Watanabe S (1993) Another look at the job satisfaction-life satisfaction relationship. J Appl Psychol 78: 939. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.78.6.939
    [41] Jalagat R (2016) Job performance, job satisfaction, and motivation: A critical review of their relationship. Int J Adv Manag Econ 5: 36–42.
    [42] Jung K, Jae Moon M, Hahm SD (2007) Do age, gender, and sector affect job satisfaction? Results from the Korean labor and income panel data. Rev Pub Person Admin 27:125–146. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734371X06289229 doi: 10.1177/0734371X06289229
    [43] Kaliski BS (2007) Encyclopedia of Business and Finance (2nd ed.). Thompson Gale.
    [44] Kanfer R, Ackerman PL (2004) Aging, adult development, and work motivation. Acad Manag Rev 29: 440–458. https://doi.org/10.5465/amr.2004.13670969 doi: 10.5465/amr.2004.13670969
    [45] Kautonen T, Hytti U, Bögenhold D, et al. (2012) Job satisfaction and retirement age intentions in Finland: Self-employed versus salary earners. Int J Manpower 33: 424–440. https://doi.org/10.1108/01437721211243778 doi: 10.1108/01437721211243778
    [46] Keon TL, McDonald B (1982) Job satisfaction and life satisfaction: An empirical evaluation of their interrelationship. Hum Relat 35: 167–180.
    [47] King D, Wei Z, Howe A (2013) Work satisfaction and intention to leave among direct care workers in community and residential aged care in Australia. J Aging Soc Pol 25: 301–319. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2013.816166 doi: 10.1080/08959420.2013.816166
    [48] Kooij DT (2015) Successful aging at work: The active role of employees. Work Aging Ret 1: 309–319. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/wav018 doi: 10.1093/workar/wav018
    [49] Lambert E, Hogan N (2009) The importance of job satisfaction and organizational commitment in shaping turnover intent: A test of a causal model. Crim Justice Rev 34: 96–118. https://doi.org/10.1177/0734016808324230 doi: 10.1177/0734016808324230
    [50] Leppel K, Brucker E, Cochran J (2012) The importance of job training to job satisfaction of older workers. J Aging Soc Pol 24: 62–76. https://doi.org/10.1080/08959420.2012.629136 doi: 10.1080/08959420.2012.629136
    [51] Lord RL (2004) Empirical Evaluation of Classical Behavioral Theories with Respect to the Motivation of Older Knowledge Workers (Publication No. 3122318).
    [52] Lu H, Barriball KL, Zhang X, et al. (2012) Job satisfaction among hospital nurses revisited: A systematic review. Int J Nurs Stud 49: 1017–1038. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.11.009 doi: 10.1016/j.ijnurstu.2011.11.009
    [53] Lytle MC, Foley PF, Cotter EW (2015) Career and retirement theories: Relevance for older workers across cultures. J Career Dev 42: 185–198. https://doi.org/10.1177/0894845314547638 doi: 10.1177/0894845314547638
    [54] Maslow AH (1981) Motivation and Personality. Prabhat Prakashan.
    [55] Menard S (1991) Longitudinal research. Sage university paper series on quantitative applications in the social sciences. SAGE Publications.
    [56] Mermin GB, Johnson RW, Murphy DP (2007) Why do boomers plan to work longer? J Geron Ser B: Psychol Sci Soc Sci 62: S286–S294. https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/62.5.S286 doi: 10.1093/geronb/62.5.S286
    [57] Mottaz CJ (1987) Age and work satisfaction. Work Occup 14: 387–409. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888487014003004 doi: 10.1177/0730888487014003004
    [58] Nagar K (2012) Organizational commitment and job satisfaction among teachers during times of burnout. Vikalpa 37: 43–60. https://doi.org/10.1177/0256090920120205 doi: 10.1177/0256090920120205
    [59] Ng TWH, Feldman DC (2010) The relationships of age with job attitudes: A meta-analysis. Person Psychol 63: 677–718. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01184.x doi: 10.1111/j.1744-6570.2010.01184.x
    [60] Ng ES, Law A (2014) Keeping up! Older workers' adaptation in the workplace after age 55. Can J Aging 33: 1–14. doi: 10.1017/S0714980813000639 doi: 10.1017/S0714980813000639
    [61] OECD (2022) LFS by sex and age-indicators: Employment-population ratios Data extracted on 10 Aug 2022 11: 36 UTC (GMT) from OECD.Stat.
    [62] Peng Y, Jex SM, Wang M (2018) Aging and occupational health. In: Schultz, K.S., Adams, G.A., Aging and Work in the 21st Century, 2nd Edition, Routledge, 213–233.
    [63] Peeters M, van Emmerik H, Kooij D, et al. (2008) Older workers' motivation to continue to work: Five meanings of age. J Manag Psychol 23(4): 364–394. https://doi.org/10.1108/02683940810869015
    [64] Podsakoff PM, MacKenzie SB, Lee JY, et al. (2003) Common method biases in behavioral research: a critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. J App Psychol 88: 879. https://doi.org/10.1037/0021-9010.88.5.879
    [65] Polat T, Bal PM, Jansen PG (2017) How do development HR practices contribute to employees' motivation to continue working beyond retirement age? Work Aging Ret 3: 366–378. https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/wax007 doi: 10.1093/workar/wax007
    [66] Probst TM, Brubaker TL (2001) The effects of job insecurity on employee safety outcomes: Cross-sectional and longitudinal explorations. J Occup Health Psychol 6: 139. https://doi.org/10.1037//1076-8998.6.2.139
    [67] Saloniki EC, Nizalova O, Malisauskaite G, et al. (2019) The Impact of Formal Care on Informal Care for People Over 75 in England. University of Kent and London School of Economics.
    [68] Shacklock K, Brunetto Y (2011) A model of older workers' intentions to continue working. Person Rev 40:252–274. https://doi.org/10.1108/00483481111106110 doi: 10.1108/00483481111106110
    [69] Shuck B, Twyford D, Reio Jr TG, et al. (2014) Human resource development practices and employee engagement: Examining the connection with employee turnover intentions. Hum Resour Dev Q 25: 239–270 https://doi.org/10.1002/hrdq.21190 doi: 10.1002/hrdq.21190
    [70] Sloane PJ, Williams H (2000) Job satisfaction, comparison earnings, and gender. Labour 14: 473–502.
    [71] Smerek RE, Peterson M (2007) Examining Herzberg's theory: Improving job satisfaction among non-academic employees at a university. Res Higher Ed 48: 229–250. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-006-9042-3 doi: 10.1007/s11162-006-9042-3
    [72] Spector PE (1997) Job Satisfaction: Application, Assessment, Causes, and Consequences. Sage Publications. https://doi.org/10.4135/9781452231549
    [73] Staiger D, Stock JH (1997) Instrumental variables with weak instruments. Econometrica 65: 557–586.
    [74] StataCorp (2019) Stata: Release 16. Statistical Software. College Station, TX: StataCorp LLC.
    [75] Tausif M (2012) Influence of non-financial rewards on job satisfaction: A case study of educational sector of Pakistan. Asian J Manag Res 2.
    [76] Toropova A, Myrberg E, Johansson S (2021) Teacher job satisfaction: the importance of school working conditions and teacher characteristics. Educ Rev 73: 71–97. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2019.1705247 doi: 10.1080/00131911.2019.1705247
    [77] Ünlü H, Alshebami AS (2022) Source of fund, financial constraints, political instability, and firm innovation: Empirical evidence from Arab Spring countries. J Sustain Fin Invest 12: 195–213.
    [78] Wang M, Adams GA, Beehr TA, et al. (2009) Bridge employment and retirement. In Gayle-Baughh, S., Sullivan, S.E., Eds., Maintaining Focus, Energy, and Options Over the Career, 1: 135, Charlotte, NC: IAP.
    [79] Wang M, Zhan Y (2012) Employee–organization relationship in older workers. In: Lynn, M., Shore, L.M., Coyle-Shapiro, J., Tetrick, L.E., Eds., The Employee-Organization Relationship, Routledge, 469–494.
    [80] Wilckens MR, Wöhrmann AM, Deller J, et al. (2020) Organizational practices for the aging workforce: Development and validation of the later life workplace index. Work, Aging and Retirement 7: 352–386 https://doi.org/10.1093/workar/waaa012 doi: 10.1093/workar/waaa012
    [81] Wheatley D (2017) Autonomy in paid work and employee subjective well-being. Work Occup 44: 296–328. https://doi.org/10.1177/0730888417697232 doi: 10.1177/0730888417697232
    [82] White H (1980) A heteroskedasticity-consistent covariance matrix estimator and a direct test for heteroskedasticity. Econometrica: J Econ Soc 48: 817–838.
    [83] Wiesenfeld BM, Raghuram S, Garud R (2001) Organizational identification among virtual workers: The role of need for affiliation and perceived work-based social support. J Manag 27: 213–229. https://doi.org/10.1177/014920630102700205 doi: 10.1177/014920630102700205
    [84] Wooldridge JM (2010) Econometric Analysis of Cross Section and Panel Data. MIT press.
    [85] Zhou H, Long L (2004) Statistical remedies for common method biases. Advances Psychol Sci 12: 942.
    [86] Zhu Y (2012) A review of social exchange relationship. Stud Soc Sci 3: 57. https://doi.org/10.3968/j.sss.1923018420120303.1658
    [87] Zou M (2015) Gender, work orientations and job satisfaction. Work Employ Soc 29: 3–22. https://doi.org/10.1177/0950017014559267 doi: 10.1177/0950017014559267
    [88] Dawis RV, England G, Lofquist LH (1964) A theory of work adjustmen. Available from: https://files.eric.ed.gov/fulltext/ED018590.pdf.
  • Reader Comments
  • © 2022 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)
通讯作者: 陈斌, bchen63@163.com
  • 1. 

    沈阳化工大学材料科学与工程学院 沈阳 110142

  1. 本站搜索
  2. 百度学术搜索
  3. 万方数据库搜索
  4. CNKI搜索

Metrics

Article views(1809) PDF downloads(157) Cited by(1)

Article outline

Figures and Tables

Tables(3)

Other Articles By Authors

/

DownLoad:  Full-Size Img  PowerPoint
Return
Return

Catalog