Effect of specimen size on natural vibration of open hole copper/glass-reinforced epoxy laminate composites

Mohammed Y. Abdellah; Hamzah Alharthi; Mohamed K. Hassan; Ahmed F. Mohamed; Mohammed Y. Abdellah; Hamzah Alharthi; Mohamed K. Hassan; Ahmed F. Mohamed

doi:10.3934/matersci.2020.4.499

AIMS Materials Science

2020, Volume 7, Issue 4: 499-517. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2020.4.499

Previous Article Next Article

Research article Topical Sections

Effect of specimen size on natural vibration of open hole copper/glass-reinforced epoxy laminate composites

1.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, South Valley University, Qena, 83523, Egypt
2.
Mechanical Engineering Department, College of Engineering and Islamic Architecture, Umm AlQura University Makkah, KSA
3.
Production Engineering and Design Department, Faculty of Engineering, Minia University, 61111, Minia, Egypt
4.
Mechanical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Sohage University, Sohage, Egypt

Received: 01 June 2020 Accepted: 31 July 2020 Published: 17 August 2020

Composite material has attractive applications in electronic devices; glass fiber/copper reinforced epoxy is one completive material in Micro–Electro–Mechanical-Systems (MEMS). Upon operation, mechanical vibration arises from the electrical current fluctuations causing damage and consequently affect its performance. On the other hand, size effect in the strength of a material is referred to as a decrease in the nominal strength of a scaled open hole structure. Therefore, this work aims to study the scaling phenomenon concerning dynamic and vibration for a composite structure used in MEMS devices. At this end, a matrix of specimens with 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mm diameter circular holes of copper/laminated glass fiber reinforced epoxy plated have subjected to simple vibration test modal analysis using the free-fallen hammer. A simple finite element model is built to obtain different shape modes which revealed the different mode shapes and Mises stress effect regions, moreover the frequency factor at each mode. The response of the material to free vibration has given different trends with holes. With increasing specimen size, the natural frequencies increase, this is opposite results when increasing the static load. The Finite element results are in good agreement with the published ones. The cantilever boundary condition is reported to be the most satisfied for the lower two modes.
- natural frequency,
- size effect,
- MEMS,
- copper/lamented glass fiber composite
Citation: Mohammed Y. Abdellah, Hamzah Alharthi, Mohamed K. Hassan, Ahmed F. Mohamed. Effect of specimen size on natural vibration of open hole copper/glass-reinforced epoxy laminate composites[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2020, 7(4): 499-517. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2020.4.499

Related Papers:

Abstract

Composite material has attractive applications in electronic devices; glass fiber/copper reinforced epoxy is one completive material in Micro–Electro–Mechanical-Systems (MEMS). Upon operation, mechanical vibration arises from the electrical current fluctuations causing damage and consequently affect its performance. On the other hand, size effect in the strength of a material is referred to as a decrease in the nominal strength of a scaled open hole structure. Therefore, this work aims to study the scaling phenomenon concerning dynamic and vibration for a composite structure used in MEMS devices. At this end, a matrix of specimens with 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, and 12 mm diameter circular holes of copper/laminated glass fiber reinforced epoxy plated have subjected to simple vibration test modal analysis using the free-fallen hammer. A simple finite element model is built to obtain different shape modes which revealed the different mode shapes and Mises stress effect regions, moreover the frequency factor at each mode. The response of the material to free vibration has given different trends with holes. With increasing specimen size, the natural frequencies increase, this is opposite results when increasing the static load. The Finite element results are in good agreement with the published ones. The cantilever boundary condition is reported to be the most satisfied for the lower two modes.

References

[1]	Hassan MK, Torii T, Shimizu K (2010) Fatigue fracture behavior of MEMS Cu thin films. 18th European Conference on Fracture: Fracture of Materials and Structures from Micro to Macro Scale.
[2]	Ballarini R, Mullen RL, Kahn H, et al. (1998) Heuer The fracture toughness of polysilicon microdevices. MRS OPL Arch 518.
[3]	Espinosa HD, Peng B (2005) A new methodology to investigate fracture toughness of freestanding MEMS and advanced materials in thin film form. J Microelectromech S 14: 153-159. doi: 10.1109/JMEMS.2004.839013
[4]	Chasiotis I, Knauss WG (2003) The mechanical strength of polysilicon films: Part 1. The influence of fabrication governed surface conditions. J Mech Phys Solids 51: 1533-1550.
[5]	Kahn H, Tayebi N, Ballarini R, et al. (2000) Fracture toughness of polysilicon MEMS devices. Sensors Actuat A-Phys 82: 274-280. doi: 10.1016/S0924-4247(99)00366-0
[6]	Sharpe W, Yuan B, Edwards RL (1997) Fracture tests of polysilicon film. MRS OPL Arch 505.
[7]	Tsuchiya T, Sakata J, Taga Y (1997) Tensile strength and fracture toughness of surface micromachined polycrystalline silicon thin films prepared under various conditions. MRS OPL Arch 505.
[8]	Abdellah MY (2017) Essential work of fracture assessment for thin aluminium strips using finite element analysis. Eng Frac Mech 179: 190-202. doi: 10.1016/j.engfracmech.2017.04.042
[9]	Bažant ZP, Planas J (1997) Fracture and Size Effect in Concrete and Other Quasibrittle Materials, CRC Press, 16.
[10]	Bažant ZP (1984) Size effect in blunt fracture: concrete, rock, metal. J Eng Mech 110: 518-535. doi: 10.1061/(ASCE)0733-9399(1984)110:4(518)
[11]	Shinde PS, Singh K, Tripathi V, et al. (2012) Fracture toughness of thin aluminum sheets using modified single edge notch specimen. IJEIT 1: 283-288.
[12]	Guinea G, Planas J, Elices M (1994) A general bilinear fit for the softening curve of concrete. Mater Struct 27: 99-105. doi: 10.1007/BF02472827
[13]	Bažant ZP (2000) Size effect. Int J Solids Struct 37: 69-80. doi: 10.1016/S0020-7683(99)00077-3
[14]	Planas J, Bažant ZP, Jirásek M (2001) Reinterpretation of Karihaloo's size effect analysis for notched quasibrittle structures. Int J Fracture 111: 17-28‏. doi: 10.1023/A:1010994324959
[15]	Li YN, Bažant ZP (1994) Eigenvalue analysis of size effect for cohesive crack model. Int J Fracture 66: 213-226. doi: 10.1007/BF00042585
[16]	Abdellah MY, Fathi HI, Abdelhaleem AM, et al. (2018) Mechanical properties and wear behavior of a novel composite of acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene strengthened by short basalt fiber. J Compos Sci 2: 34. doi: 10.3390/jcs2020034
[17]	AMM Abdelhaleem, HI Fathi, Dewidar M, et al. (2016) Mechanical properties of ABS embedded with basalt fiber fillers. IJMSP 16: 69-74. doi: 10.1515/jmsp-2016-0006
[18]	Korim NS, Abdellah MY, Dewidar M, et al. (2015) Crushable finite element modeling of mechanical properties of titanium foam IJSER 6: 1221-1227.
[19]	Wisnom M (1999) Size effects in the testing of fibre-composite materials. Compos S Technol 59: 1937-1957. doi: 10.1016/S0266-3538(99)00053-6
[20]	Wisnom M, Khan B, Hallett S (2008) Size effects in unnotched tensile strength of unidirectional and quasi-isotropic carbon/epoxy composites. Compos Struct 84: 21-28. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2007.06.002
[21]	Malekzadeh P, Zarei AR (2014) Free vibration of quadrilateral laminated plates with carbon nanotube reinforced composite layers. Thin Wall Struct 82: 221-232. doi: 10.1016/j.tws.2014.04.016
[22]	Sharma AK, Mittal N (2010) Review on stress and vibration analysis of composite plates. J Appl Sci 10: 3156-3166.
[23]	Kallannavar V, Kattimani S (2020) Modal analysis of laminated composite and sandwich plates using finite element method, AIP Conference Proceedings, 2247: 020011.
[24]	Sharma P, Singh R, Hussain M (2020) On modal analysis of axially functionally graded material beam under hygrothermal effect. P I Mech Eng C-J Mech 234: 1085-1101. doi: 10.1177/0954406219888234
[25]	Chronopoulos D, Troclet B, Bareille O, et al. (2013) Modeling the response of composite panels by a dynamic stiffness approach. Compos Struct 96: 111-120. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruct.2012.08.047
[26]	de Sousa KC, Domingues AC, Pereira PPDS, et al. (2016) Modal parameter determination of a lightweight aerospace panel using laser Doppler vibrometer measurements, AIP Conference Proceedings, 1740: 070006.
[27]	Suragimath C (2019) Modal analysis of composite beam using MATLAB. IJESC 19551.
[28]	Samyal R, Singh S, Bagha AK (2019) Modal analysis of composite panel at different fiber orientations. Mater Today Proc 16: 477-480. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2019.05.118
[29]	Pingulkar P, Suresha B (2016) Free vibration analysis of laminated composite plates using finite element method. Polym Polym Compos 24: 529-538.
[30]	Jensen DW, Crawley EF, Dugundji J (1982) Vibration of cantilevered graphite/epoxy plates with bending-torsion coupling. J Reinf Plast Compos 1: 254-269. doi: 10.1177/073168448200100305
[31]	Srinivasa CV, Suresh YJ, Kumar WP (2014) Experimental and finite element studies on free vibration of skew plates. IJASE 6: 48.
[32]	Abdellah MY, Mohamed AF, Hasan MK (2019) Characteristic analysis: Vibration behaviour of composite laminated structures compared to monotonic materials. IJMME-IJENS 19: 57-69.
[33]	Fouad H, Mourad AHI, ALshammari BA, et al. (2020) Fracture toughness, vibration modal analysis and viscoelastic behavior of Kevlar, glass, and carbon fiber/epoxy composites for dental-post applications. J Mech Behav Biomed 101: 103456. doi: 10.1016/j.jmbbm.2019.103456
[34]	Golwala S (2014) Lecture Notes on Classical Mechanics for Physics 106ab, CreateSpace Independent Publishing Platform.
[35]	Ngo-Cong D, Mai-Duy N, Karunasena W, et al. (2011) Free vibration analysis of laminated composite plates based on FSDT using one-dimensional IRBFN method. Comput Struct 89: 1-13. doi: 10.1016/j.compstruc.2010.07.012
[36]	Gowda CV, Rajanna N, Udupa N (2017) Investigating the effects of delamination location and size on the vibration behaviour of laminated composite beams. Mater Today Proc 4: 10944-10951. doi: 10.1016/j.matpr.2017.08.050
[37]	Nikolakopoulos P, Katsareas D, Papadopoulos C (1997) Crack identification in frame structures. Comput Struct 64: 389-406. doi: 10.1016/S0045-7949(96)00120-4
[38]	Narkis Y, Elmalah E (1996) Crack identification in a cantilever beam under uncertain end conditions. Int J Mech Sci 38: 499-507. doi: 10.1016/0020-7403(95)00071-2
[39]	Davis JR (2004) Tensile Testing, USA: ASM International.
[40]	Hassan MK, Mohamed AF, ElAbiadi TS, et al. (2018) Fracture toughness of copper/glass-reinforced epoxy laminate composites. Am J Mater Eng Technol 6: 1-7.
[41]	Abdellah MY (2017) Delamination modeling of double cantilever beam of unidirectional composite laminates. JFAP 17: 1011-1018. doi: 10.1007/s11668-017-0324-1
[42]	Mohamed KH, Mohammed YA, Azabi S, et al. (2015) Investigation of the mechanical behavior of novel fiber metal laminates. IJMME-IJENS 15: 112-118.
[43]	Hassan MK, Abdellah MY, Azabi SK, et al. (2015) Fracture toughness of a novel GLARE composite material. IJET-IJENS 15: 36-41.
[44]	Abdellah MY, Alsoufi MS, Hassan MK, et al. (2015) Extended finite element numerical analysis of scale effect in notched glass fiber reinforced epoxy composite. Arch Mech Eng 62: 217-236. doi: 10.1515/meceng-2015-0013
[45]	Mohammed Y, Hassan MK, Hashem A (2014) Analytical model to predict multiaxial laminate fracture toughness from 0 ply fracture toughness. Polym Eng Sci 54: 234-238. doi: 10.1002/pen.23552
[46]	Mohammed Y, Hassan MK, Hashem AM, et al. (2014) Effect of stacking sequence and geometric scaling on the brittleness number of glass fiber composite laminate with stress raiser. Sci Eng Compos Mater 21: 281-288. doi: 10.1515/secm-2013-0038
[47]	Hassan MK, Mohammed Y, Abu EH (2012) Improvement of Al-6061 alloys mechanical properties by controlling processing parameters. IJMME 12: 14-18.
[48]	Sonawane AR, Talmale PS (2017) Modal Analysis of Single Rectangular Cantilever Plate by Mathematically, FEA and Experimental. International Research Journal of Engineering and Technology.

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2020 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)