Water-repellent glass coated with SiO<sub>2</sub>–TiO<sub>2</sub>–methyltrimethoxysilane through sol–gel coating

Alfa Akustia Widati; Nuryono Nuryono; Indriana Kartini; Alfa Akustia Widati; Nuryono Nuryono; Indriana Kartini

doi:10.3934/matersci.2019.1.10

AIMS Materials Science

2019, Volume 6, Issue 1: 10-24. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2019.1.10

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Research article

Water-repellent glass coated with SiO₂–TiO₂–methyltrimethoxysilane through sol–gel coating

1.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Sekip Utara, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
2.
Departement of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Universitas Airlangga, Surabaya 60115, Indonesia

Received: 16 October 2018 Accepted: 09 December 2018 Published: 02 January 2019

A hydrophobic coating for glass substrates was developed using SiO₂, TiO₂, and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) to achieve low surface energy and a rough surface. The coating process was conducted using a sol–gel method and layer by layer deposition. The effect of SiO₂, TiO₂, and MTMS on the hydrophobicity and transparency of the coating were evaluated using contact angle and optical transmittance measurements, respectively. The transparency was found to decrease with higher moles of SiO₂, TiO₂, and MTMS; the water contact angle initially increased with increasing addition of these reagents, but then declined above the optimum conditions. The optimum conditions were determined to be at approximately 0.075, 0.030, and 0.002 mol of SiO₂, TiO₂, and MTMS, respectively. The resulting water contact angle was 115.56 ± 1.01°. SiO₂ and TiO₂ provided a synergistic effect to improve the roughness surface, as shown in the AFM data. The glass coated using SiO₂–TiO₂–MTMS exhibited higher hardness values than bare glass.
- hydrophobic glass,
- SiO₂,
- TiO₂,
- methyltrimethoxysilane,
- rough surface
Citation: Alfa Akustia Widati, Nuryono Nuryono, Indriana Kartini. Water-repellent glass coated with SiO2–TiO2–methyltrimethoxysilane through sol–gel coating[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2019, 6(1): 10-24. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2019.1.10

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Abstract

A hydrophobic coating for glass substrates was developed using SiO₂, TiO₂, and methyltrimethoxysilane (MTMS) to achieve low surface energy and a rough surface. The coating process was conducted using a sol–gel method and layer by layer deposition. The effect of SiO₂, TiO₂, and MTMS on the hydrophobicity and transparency of the coating were evaluated using contact angle and optical transmittance measurements, respectively. The transparency was found to decrease with higher moles of SiO₂, TiO₂, and MTMS; the water contact angle initially increased with increasing addition of these reagents, but then declined above the optimum conditions. The optimum conditions were determined to be at approximately 0.075, 0.030, and 0.002 mol of SiO₂, TiO₂, and MTMS, respectively. The resulting water contact angle was 115.56 ± 1.01°. SiO₂ and TiO₂ provided a synergistic effect to improve the roughness surface, as shown in the AFM data. The glass coated using SiO₂–TiO₂–MTMS exhibited higher hardness values than bare glass.

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