Photosynthetic pigments and photochemical efficiency of precocious dwarf cashew (<em>Anacardium occidentale</em> L.) under salt stress and potassium fertilization

Geovani S. de Lima; Vicente Elias da S. Neto; Hans R. Gheyi; Reginaldo G. Nobre; Genilson L. Diniz; Lauriane A. dos Anjos Soares; Pedro D. Fernandes; Fernandes A. de Almeida; Francisco Wesley A. Pinheiro; Geovani S. de Lima; Vicente Elias da S. Neto; Hans R. Gheyi; Reginaldo G. Nobre; Genilson L. Diniz; Lauriane A. dos Anjos Soares; Pedro D. Fernandes; Fernandes A. de Almeida; Francisco Wesley A. Pinheiro

doi:10.3934/agrfood.2019.4.1007

AIMS Agriculture and Food

2019, Volume 4, Issue 4: 1007-1019. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2019.4.1007

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Research article

Photosynthetic pigments and photochemical efficiency of precocious dwarf cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) under salt stress and potassium fertilization

1.
Academic Unit of Agricultural Sciences, Center of Agrifood Science and Technology, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Pombal, PB, Brazil
2.
Nucleus of Soil and Water Engineering, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Cruz das Almas, BA, Brazil
3.
Department of Science and Technology, Universidade Federal Rural do Semi-Árido, Caraúbas, RN, Brazil.
4.
Center of Technology and Natural Resources, Universidade Federal de Campina Grande, Campina Grande, PB, Brazil

Received: 04 September 2019 Accepted: 01 November 2019 Published: 15 November 2019

Cashew cultivation is an activity of great socioeconomic relevance, especially for agriculture in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil, standing out as an option to generate jobs and income. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the photosynthetic pigments and photochemical efficiency of precocious dwarf cashew under salt stress and potassium fertilization. The study was conducted using a Regolithic Neosol with sandy loam texture, adopting a randomized block design in 5×2 factorial arrangement, which corresponded to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water—ECw (0.4; 1.2; 2.0; 2.8 and 3.6 dS m^-1) associated with two doses of potassium fertilization—KD (100 and 150% of recommendation), with three replicates and two plants per plot. Increasing water salinity inhibited chlorophyll synthesis and decreased electron transport rate and quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation in precocious dwarf cashew, at 50 days after sowing. There was significant interaction for chlorophyll a and b contents and the effects of salt stress were intensified by potassium doses on the chlorophyll b content of precocious dwarf cashew. Potassium doses of 100 and 150% of recommendation (150 and 225 mg K₂O kg^-1 of soil) do not mitigate the effect of salt stress on photosynthetic pigment synthesis and photochemical efficiency of cashew plants in the rootstock formation phase.
- Anacardium occidentale L.,
- water salinity,
- attenuating agent,
- water scarcity,
- semi-arid
Citation: Geovani S. de Lima, Vicente Elias da S. Neto, Hans R. Gheyi, Reginaldo G. Nobre, Genilson L. Diniz, Lauriane A. dos Anjos Soares, Pedro D. Fernandes, Fernandes A. de Almeida, Francisco Wesley A. Pinheiro. Photosynthetic pigments and photochemical efficiency of precocious dwarf cashew (Anacardium occidentale L.) under salt stress and potassium fertilization[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2019, 4(4): 1007-1019. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2019.4.1007

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Abstract

Cashew cultivation is an activity of great socioeconomic relevance, especially for agriculture in the semi-arid region of Northeast Brazil, standing out as an option to generate jobs and income. Thus, the present study aimed to evaluate the photosynthetic pigments and photochemical efficiency of precocious dwarf cashew under salt stress and potassium fertilization. The study was conducted using a Regolithic Neosol with sandy loam texture, adopting a randomized block design in 5×2 factorial arrangement, which corresponded to five levels of electrical conductivity of irrigation water—ECw (0.4; 1.2; 2.0; 2.8 and 3.6 dS m^-1) associated with two doses of potassium fertilization—KD (100 and 150% of recommendation), with three replicates and two plants per plot. Increasing water salinity inhibited chlorophyll synthesis and decreased electron transport rate and quantum yield of non-regulated energy dissipation in precocious dwarf cashew, at 50 days after sowing. There was significant interaction for chlorophyll a and b contents and the effects of salt stress were intensified by potassium doses on the chlorophyll b content of precocious dwarf cashew. Potassium doses of 100 and 150% of recommendation (150 and 225 mg K₂O kg^-1 of soil) do not mitigate the effect of salt stress on photosynthetic pigment synthesis and photochemical efficiency of cashew plants in the rootstock formation phase.

References

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