Impact of solvent and supercritical fluid extracts of green tea on physicochemical and sensorial aspects of chicken soup

Faiza Ashfaq; Masood Sadiq Butt; Ahmad Bilal; Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria; Faiza Ashfaq; Masood Sadiq Butt; Ahmad Bilal; Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria

doi:10.3934/agrfood.2019.3.794

AIMS Agriculture and Food

2019, Volume 4, Issue 3: 794-806. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2019.3.794

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Research article

Impact of solvent and supercritical fluid extracts of green tea on physicochemical and sensorial aspects of chicken soup

1.
Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Science and Technology, Government College Women University Faisalabad, Pakistan
2.
National Institute of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Food, Nutrition & Home Sciences, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
3.
University Institute of Diet and Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, The University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan
4.
Centre for Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Deakin University, Pigdons Road, Waurn Ponds, Victoria 3216, Australia
5.
School of Agriculture and Food, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC 3010, Australia

Received: 18 May 2019 Accepted: 14 August 2019 Published: 29 August 2019

Designer foods carrying nutraceuticals or polyphenols are in fame to address varied free radical mediated disorders. In this context, green tea extract incorporation in designer products is considered as an effective approach to improve antioxidant capacity owing to epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In the current project, EGCG was extracted using solvent (acetone) and supercritical fluid (CO₂) extraction methods. Then, EGCG was quantified in the resultant extracts via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system that showed an upper hand of EGCG in supercritical fluid extract (77.23 mg/g) as compared to acetonic extract (65.88 mg/g) at constant extraction temperature and time. In product development phase, different chicken soup prototypes were prepared such as S₀ (Control soup without green tea extract), S₁ (soup carrying 3% acetonic green tea extract) and S₂ (soup carrying 2.5% supercritical CO₂ green tea extract). The resultant products were then analyzed for physiochemical and sensory aspects during storage intervals; 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr. Storage impacted significantly on some color values like a*, b* and chroma. The statistical analysis demonstrated obvious impact of treatments and storage on total soluble solids (TSS). Further, storage affected significantly on pH and acidity of the resultant samples. Green tea extract carrying products significantly improved TPC; S₁ (46.66 ± 2.39 mg GAE/100mL) and S₂ (49.19 ± 2.36 mg GAE/100mL) in contrast to control treatment (18.19 ± 0.89 mg GAE/100 mL). During storage, significant decline in TPC was noted from 39.43 ± 1.98 to 36.02 ± 1.82 mg GAE/100 mL. Moreover, considerable response of treatments was viewed on taste scores whilst, storage impacted remarkably on flavor, taste, texture and overall-acceptability, excluding organoleptic response regarding color. Conclusively, supercritical fluid green tea extract based designer chicken soup (S₂) has proven its relatively better antioxidants retention, storage stability and sensory profile in comparison to conventional solvent green tea extract based soup (S₁).
- designer food,
- chicken soup,
- epigallocatechin gallate,
- high pressure liquid chromatography,
- total polyphenol content,
- storage study
Citation: Faiza Ashfaq, Masood Sadiq Butt, Ahmad Bilal, Hafiz Ansar Rasul Suleria. Impact of solvent and supercritical fluid extracts of green tea on physicochemical and sensorial aspects of chicken soup[J]. AIMS Agriculture and Food, 2019, 4(3): 794-806. doi: 10.3934/agrfood.2019.3.794

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Abstract

Designer foods carrying nutraceuticals or polyphenols are in fame to address varied free radical mediated disorders. In this context, green tea extract incorporation in designer products is considered as an effective approach to improve antioxidant capacity owing to epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG). In the current project, EGCG was extracted using solvent (acetone) and supercritical fluid (CO₂) extraction methods. Then, EGCG was quantified in the resultant extracts via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) system that showed an upper hand of EGCG in supercritical fluid extract (77.23 mg/g) as compared to acetonic extract (65.88 mg/g) at constant extraction temperature and time. In product development phase, different chicken soup prototypes were prepared such as S₀ (Control soup without green tea extract), S₁ (soup carrying 3% acetonic green tea extract) and S₂ (soup carrying 2.5% supercritical CO₂ green tea extract). The resultant products were then analyzed for physiochemical and sensory aspects during storage intervals; 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hr. Storage impacted significantly on some color values like a*, b* and chroma. The statistical analysis demonstrated obvious impact of treatments and storage on total soluble solids (TSS). Further, storage affected significantly on pH and acidity of the resultant samples. Green tea extract carrying products significantly improved TPC; S₁ (46.66 ± 2.39 mg GAE/100mL) and S₂ (49.19 ± 2.36 mg GAE/100mL) in contrast to control treatment (18.19 ± 0.89 mg GAE/100 mL). During storage, significant decline in TPC was noted from 39.43 ± 1.98 to 36.02 ± 1.82 mg GAE/100 mL. Moreover, considerable response of treatments was viewed on taste scores whilst, storage impacted remarkably on flavor, taste, texture and overall-acceptability, excluding organoleptic response regarding color. Conclusively, supercritical fluid green tea extract based designer chicken soup (S₂) has proven its relatively better antioxidants retention, storage stability and sensory profile in comparison to conventional solvent green tea extract based soup (S₁).

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