Industrial production, application, microbial biosynthesis and degradation of furanic compound, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)

Yu Wang; Caroline A. Brown; Rachel Chen; Yu Wang; Caroline A. Brown; Rachel Chen

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2018.2.261

AIMS Microbiology

2018, Volume 4, Issue 2: 261-273. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.2.261

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Industrial production, application, microbial biosynthesis and degradation of furanic compound, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)

1.
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of North Georgia-Dahlonega, Dahlonega, GA, 30597, USA
2.
School of Chemical & Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332, USA

Received: 18 January 2018 Accepted: 12 March 2018 Published: 21 March 2018

Biorefinery is increasingly embraced as an environmentally friendly approach that has the potential to shift current petroleum-based chemical and material manufacture to renewable sources. Furanic compounds, particularly hydroxymethylfurfurals (HMFs) are platform chemicals, from which a variety of value-added chemicals can be derived. Their biomanufacture and biodegradation therefore will have a large impact. Here, we first review the potential industrial production of 4-HMF and 5-HMF, then we summarize the known microbial biosynthesis and biodegradation pathways of furanic compounds with emphasis on the enzymes in each pathway. We especially focus on the structure, function and catalytic mechanism of MfnB (4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxyaldehyde-phosphate synthase) and hmfH (HMF oxidase), which catalyze the formation of phosphorylated 4-HMF and the oxidation of 5-HMF to furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA), respectively. Understanding the structure-function relationship of these enzymes will provide important insights in enzyme engineering, which eventually will find industry applications in mass-production of biobased polymers and other bulk chemicals in future.
- furan-containing compound,
- 4-HMF,
- 5-HMF,
- HMF metabolism,
- HMF biosynthesis,
- HMF degradation
Citation: Yu Wang, Caroline A. Brown, Rachel Chen. Industrial production, application, microbial biosynthesis and degradation of furanic compound, hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF)[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2018, 4(2): 261-273. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.2.261

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Abstract

Biorefinery is increasingly embraced as an environmentally friendly approach that has the potential to shift current petroleum-based chemical and material manufacture to renewable sources. Furanic compounds, particularly hydroxymethylfurfurals (HMFs) are platform chemicals, from which a variety of value-added chemicals can be derived. Their biomanufacture and biodegradation therefore will have a large impact. Here, we first review the potential industrial production of 4-HMF and 5-HMF, then we summarize the known microbial biosynthesis and biodegradation pathways of furanic compounds with emphasis on the enzymes in each pathway. We especially focus on the structure, function and catalytic mechanism of MfnB (4-(hydroxymethyl)-2-furancarboxyaldehyde-phosphate synthase) and hmfH (HMF oxidase), which catalyze the formation of phosphorylated 4-HMF and the oxidation of 5-HMF to furandicarboxylic acid (2,5-FDCA), respectively. Understanding the structure-function relationship of these enzymes will provide important insights in enzyme engineering, which eventually will find industry applications in mass-production of biobased polymers and other bulk chemicals in future.

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