Analysis of gastrointestinal virus infection in immunocompromised hosts by multiplex virus PCR assay

Miho Sasaki; Norio Shimizu; Yuriko Zushi; Toshiharu Saito; Hiroko Tsunemine; Kiminari Itoh; Yumi Aoyama; Yuta Goto; Taiichi Kodaka; Goh Tsuji; Eri Senda; Takahiro Fujimori; Tomoo Itoh; Takayuki Takahashi; Miho Sasaki; Norio Shimizu; Yuriko Zushi; Toshiharu Saito; Hiroko Tsunemine; Kiminari Itoh; Yumi Aoyama; Yuta Goto; Taiichi Kodaka; Goh Tsuji; Eri Senda; Takahiro Fujimori; Tomoo Itoh; Takayuki Takahashi

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2018.2.225

AIMS Microbiology

2018, Volume 4, Issue 2: 225-239. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.2.225

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Research article

Analysis of gastrointestinal virus infection in immunocompromised hosts by multiplex virus PCR assay

1.
Laboratory of Cell Therapy, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
2.
Departments of Virology, Medical Research Institute, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan
3.
Laboratory of Hematology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
4.
Laboratory of Rheumatology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
5.
Laboratory of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
6.
Laboratory of Pathology, Shinko Hospital, Kobe, Japan
7.
Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan

Received: 15 January 2018 Accepted: 07 March 2018 Published: 19 March 2018

Regarding viral infection of intestinal mucosa, there have been only a few studies on limited diseases, targeting a few herpes family viruses. In this study, we analyzed 12 kinds of DNA viruses including 8 species of herpes family viruses in the gastrointestinal mucosa of patients with hematologic malignancies, inflammatory bowel diseases, collagen diseases, or other miscellaneous forms of gastroenteritis using the multiplex virus PCR assay, which we recently developed. The virus PCR assay yielded positive results in 63 of 102 patients; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was the most frequently detected, followed by cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6), HHV-7, parvovirus B19, and herpes simplex virus type 1. The frequencies of viral detection in the 4 diseases were similar involving these 6 viruses. Regarding CMV colitis, the multiplex virus PCR assay was superior to the immunohistopathologic method in detecting CMV. All viruses were more efficiently detected in the mucosa than in the blood in individual patients. These results suggest that CMV, EBV, and HHV-6 were commonly detected in the gastrointestinal mucosa of patients with these 4 diseases, and our multiplex virus PCR assay was useful for the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal virus infection, especially CMV colitis.
- multiplex virus PCR assay,
- gastrointestinal mucosa,
- CMV colitis,
- herpes family virus,
- viral gastroenteritis
Citation: Miho Sasaki, Norio Shimizu, Yuriko Zushi, Toshiharu Saito, Hiroko Tsunemine, Kiminari Itoh, Yumi Aoyama, Yuta Goto, Taiichi Kodaka, Goh Tsuji, Eri Senda, Takahiro Fujimori, Tomoo Itoh, Takayuki Takahashi. Analysis of gastrointestinal virus infection in immunocompromised hosts by multiplex virus PCR assay[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2018, 4(2): 225-239. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2018.2.225

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Abstract

Regarding viral infection of intestinal mucosa, there have been only a few studies on limited diseases, targeting a few herpes family viruses. In this study, we analyzed 12 kinds of DNA viruses including 8 species of herpes family viruses in the gastrointestinal mucosa of patients with hematologic malignancies, inflammatory bowel diseases, collagen diseases, or other miscellaneous forms of gastroenteritis using the multiplex virus PCR assay, which we recently developed. The virus PCR assay yielded positive results in 63 of 102 patients; Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) was the most frequently detected, followed by cytomegalovirus (CMV), human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6), HHV-7, parvovirus B19, and herpes simplex virus type 1. The frequencies of viral detection in the 4 diseases were similar involving these 6 viruses. Regarding CMV colitis, the multiplex virus PCR assay was superior to the immunohistopathologic method in detecting CMV. All viruses were more efficiently detected in the mucosa than in the blood in individual patients. These results suggest that CMV, EBV, and HHV-6 were commonly detected in the gastrointestinal mucosa of patients with these 4 diseases, and our multiplex virus PCR assay was useful for the early diagnosis of gastrointestinal virus infection, especially CMV colitis.

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