Biofluid-based microRNA Biomarkers for Parkinsons Disease: an Overview and Update

Sapana Shinde; Sayantoni Mukhopadhyay; Ghada Mohsen; Sok Kean Khoo; Sapana Shinde; Sayantoni Mukhopadhyay; Ghada Mohsen; Sok Kean Khoo

doi:10.3934/medsci.2015.1.15

AIMS Medical Science

2015, Volume 2, Issue 1: 15-25. doi: 10.3934/medsci.2015.1.15

Previous Article Next Article

Review Special Issues

Biofluid-based microRNA Biomarkers for Parkinsons Disease: an Overview and Update

Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Grand Valley State University, Grand Rapids, MI 49503, USA

Received: 06 February 2015 Accepted: 04 February 2015 Published: 06 February 2015

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly debilitating motor disorder and is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Its current method of diagnosis mainly relies on subjective clinical rating scales in the presence of clinical motor features. Early detection of PD is a known challenge as neuronal cell death may range from 50% to 80% when a patient is first diagnosed with PD. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify and develop biomarkers for early detection of this progressive disease. This mini review focuses on the recent developments of biofluid-based microRNAs (miRNAs) as molecular biomarkers for PD. A comprehensive list of miRNA biomarkers found in blood, plasma, serum, and cerebral spinal fluid is presented. Challenges and future perspectives of using these PD-related molecular biomarkers in a “real-world” clinical setting are also discussed.
- Parkinson's disease,
- biomarkers,
- microRNAs,
- circulating miRNAs,
- biofluid,
- blood,
- serum,
- plasma,
- cerebral spinal fluid
Citation: Sapana Shinde, Sayantoni Mukhopadhyay, Ghada Mohsen, Sok Kean Khoo. Biofluid-based microRNA Biomarkers for Parkinsons Disease: an Overview and Update[J]. AIMS Medical Science, 2015, 2(1): 15-25. doi: 10.3934/medsci.2015.1.15

Related Papers:

Abstract

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a highly debilitating motor disorder and is the second most common neurodegenerative disease after Alzheimer's disease. Its current method of diagnosis mainly relies on subjective clinical rating scales in the presence of clinical motor features. Early detection of PD is a known challenge as neuronal cell death may range from 50% to 80% when a patient is first diagnosed with PD. Therefore, there is an urgent need to identify and develop biomarkers for early detection of this progressive disease. This mini review focuses on the recent developments of biofluid-based microRNAs (miRNAs) as molecular biomarkers for PD. A comprehensive list of miRNA biomarkers found in blood, plasma, serum, and cerebral spinal fluid is presented. Challenges and future perspectives of using these PD-related molecular biomarkers in a “real-world” clinical setting are also discussed.

References

[1]	Braak H, Del Tredici K, Rub U, et al. (2003) Staging of brain pathology related to sporadic Parkinson's disease. Neurobiol Aging 24: 197-211. doi: 10.1016/S0197-4580(02)00065-9
[2]	Savitt JM, Dawson VL, Dawson TM (2006) Diagnosis and treatment of Parkinson disease: molecules to medicine. J Clin Invest 116: 1744-1754. doi: 10.1172/JCI29178
[3]	Dickson DW, Braak H, Duda JE, et al. (2009) Neuropathological assessment of Parkinson's disease: refining the diagnostic criteria. Lancet Neurol 8: 1150-1157. doi: 10.1016/S1474-4422(09)70238-8
[4]	Schapira AH (2013) Recent developments in biomarkers in Parkinson disease. Curr Opin Neurol26: 395-400.
[5]	Liotta LA, Ferrari M, Petricoin E (2003) Clinical proteomics: written in blood. Nature 425: 905. doi: 10.1038/425905a
[6]	Keller A, Leidinger P, Bauer A, et al. (2011) Toward the blood-borne miRNome of human diseases. Nat Methods 8: 841-843. doi: 10.1038/nmeth.1682
[7]	Ambros V (2004) The functions of animal microRNAs. Nature 431: 350-355. doi: 10.1038/nature02871
[8]	Bartel DP (2004) MicroRNAs: genomics, biogenesis, mechanism, and function. Cell 116:281-297. doi: 10.1016/S0092-8674(04)00045-5
[9]	Lim LP, Lau NC, Garrett-Engele P, et al. (2005) Microarray analysis shows that some microRNAs downregulate large numbers of target mRNAs. Nature 433: 769-773. doi: 10.1038/nature03315
[10]	Hobert O (2008) Gene regulation by transcription factors and microRNAs. Science 319:1785-1786. doi: 10.1126/science.1151651
[11]	Goodall EF, Heath PR, Bandmann O, et al. (2013) Neuronal dark matter: the emerging role of microRNAs in neurodegeneration. Front Cell Neurosci 7: 178.
[12]	Khoo SK, Neuman LA, Forsgren L, et al. (2013) Could miRNA expression changes be a reliable clinical biomarker for Parkinson's disease? Neurodegener Dis Manag 3: 455-465. doi: 10.2217/nmt.13.53
[13]	Lawrie CH, Gal S, Dunlop HM, et al. (2008) Detection of elevated levels of tumour-associated microRNAs in serum of patients with diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. Br J Haematol 141:672-675. doi: 10.1111/j.1365-2141.2008.07077.x
[14]	Zen K, Zhang CY (2012) Circulating microRNAs: a novel class of biomarkers to diagnose and monitor human cancers. Med Res Rev 32: 326-348. doi: 10.1002/med.20215
[15]	Valadi H, Ekstrom K, Bossios A, et al. (2007) Exosome-mediated transfer of mRNAs and microRNAs is a novel mechanism of genetic exchange between cells. Nat Cell Biol 9: 654-659. doi: 10.1038/ncb1596
[16]	Hunter MP, Ismail N, Zhang X, et al. (2008) Detection of microRNA expression in human peripheral blood microvesicles. PloS One 3: e3694. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0003694
[17]	Zernecke A, Bidzhekov K, Noels H, et al. (2009) Delivery of microRNA-126 by apoptotic bodies induces CXCL12-dependent vascular protection. Sci Signal 2: ra81.
[18]	Wang K, Zhang S, Weber J, et al. (2010) Export of microRNAs and microRNA-protective protein by mammalian cells. Nucleic Acids Res 38: 7248-7259. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq601
[19]	Vickers KC, Palmisano BT, Shoucri BM, et al. (2011) MicroRNAs are transported in plasma and delivered to recipient cells by high-density lipoproteins. Nat Cell Biol 13: 423-433. doi: 10.1038/ncb2210
[20]	Mitchell PS, Parkin RK, Kroh EM, et al. (2008) Circulating microRNAs as stable blood-based markers for cancer detection. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 105: 10513-10518. doi: 10.1073/pnas.0804549105
[21]	Chen X, Ba Y, Ma L, et al. (2008) Characterization of microRNAs in serum: a novel class of biomarkers for diagnosis of cancer and other diseases. Cell Res 18: 997-1006. doi: 10.1038/cr.2008.282
[22]	Khoo SK, Petillo D, Kang UJ, et al. (2012) Plasma-based circulating microRNA biomarkers for Parkinson's disease. J Parkinson Dis 2: 321-331.
[23]	Sheinerman KS, Umansky SR (2013) Circulating cell-free microRNA as biomarkers for screening, diagnosis and monitoring of neurodegenerative diseases and other neurologic pathologies. Front Cell Neurosci 7: 150.
[24]	Cogswell JP, Ward J, Taylor IA, et al. (2008) Identification of miRNA changes in Alzheimer's disease brain and CSF yields putative biomarkers and insights into disease pathways. J Alzheimers Dis 14: 27-41.
[25]	Margis R, Rieder CR (2011) Identification of blood microRNAs associated to Parkinsonis disease. J Biotechnol 152: 96-101. doi: 10.1016/j.jbiotec.2011.01.023
[26]	Martins M, Rosa A, Guedes LC, et al. (2011) Convergence of miRNA expression profiling, alpha-synuclein interacton and GWAS in Parkinson's disease. PloS one 6: e25443. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0025443
[27]	Soreq L, Salomonis N, Bronstein M, et al. (2013) Small RNA sequencing-microarray analyses in Parkinson leukocytes reveal deep brain stimulation-induced splicing changes that classify brain region transcriptomes. Front Mol Neurosci 6: 10.
[28]	Cardo LF, Coto E, de Mena L, et al. (2013) Profile of microRNAs in the plasma of Parkinson's disease patients and healthy controls. J Neurol 260: 1420-1422. doi: 10.1007/s00415-013-6900-8
[29]	Burgos K, Malenica I, Metpally R, et al. (2014) Profiles of extracellular miRNA in cerebrospinal fluid and serum from patients with Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases correlate with disease status and features of pathology. PLoS One 9: e94839. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094839
[30]	Botta-Orfila T, Morato X, Compta Y, et al. (2014) Identification of blood serum micro-RNAs associated with idiopathic and LRRK2 Parkinson's disease. J Neurosci Res 92: 1071-1077. doi: 10.1002/jnr.23377
[31]	Wang K, Zhang S, Weber J, et al. (2010) Export of microRNAs and microRNA-protective protein by mammalian cells. Nucleic acids res 38: 7248-7259. doi: 10.1093/nar/gkq601
[32]	Faure J, Lachenal G, Court M, et al. (2006) Exosomes are released by cultured cortical neurones. Mol Cell Neurosci 31: 642-648. doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2005.12.003
[33]	Potolicchio I, Carven GJ, Xu X, et al. (2005) Proteomic analysis of microglia-derived exosomes: metabolic role of the aminopeptidase CD13 in neuropeptide catabolism. J Immunol 175:2237-2243. doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.175.4.2237
[34]	Kramer-Albers EM, Bretz N, Tenzer S, et al. (2007) Oligodendrocytes secrete exosomes containing major myelin and stress-protective proteins: Trophic support for axons? Proteom Clin appl 1: 1446-1461. doi: 10.1002/prca.200700522
[35]	Lachenal G, Pernet-Gallay K, Chivet M, et al. (2011) Release of exosomes from differentiated neurons and its regulation by synaptic glutamatergic activity. Mol Cell Neurosci 46: 409-418. doi: 10.1016/j.mcn.2010.11.004
[36]	Russo I, Bubacco L, Greggio E (2012) Exosomes-associated neurodegeneration and progression of Parkinson's disease. Am J Neurodegener Dis 1: 217-225.

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2015 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)