Effect of the storage condition of microalgae on hydrochar lipids and direct esterification-transesterification of hydrochar lipids for biodiesel production

Vo Thanh Phuoc; Kunio Yoshikawa; Vo Thanh Phuoc; Kunio Yoshikawa

doi:10.3934/energy.2017.1.39

AIMS Energy

2017, Volume 5, Issue 1: 39-53. doi: 10.3934/energy.2017.1.39

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Effect of the storage condition of microalgae on hydrochar lipids and direct esterification-transesterification of hydrochar lipids for biodiesel production

Vo Thanh Phuoc ^,,
Kunio Yoshikawa

Yoshikawa Laboratory, Department of Environmental Science and Technology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Yokohama, Kanagawa, 226-8502, Japan

Received: 12 September 2016 Accepted: 23 December 2016 Published: 03 January 2017

The hydrochar product from the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of microalgae contains most of fatty acids (FAs) in the original microalgae. In the hydrochar, FAs exist in both types of bound fatty acids (BFAs) and free fatty acids (FFAs). Besides, when the microalgae paste is stored at the room temperature (25 °C) for one day, there is an increase of total fatty acids (TFAs) and free fatty acids (FFAs) in microalgae. The hydrochar from this microalgae paste was proved to have a higher amount of TFAs and a higher percentage of FFAs/TFAs compared to the ordinary hydrochar (without the additional storage step) in this research. Both of these factors favor for the subsequent acid catalyzed esterification-transesterification reaction of hydrochar lipids. In summary, a process based on a combination of the storage of fresh microalgae, the HTC of microalgae paste, and the direct esterification-transesterification of the hydrochar has been developed for biodiesel production. With the additional storage step of fresh microalgae, the total biodiesel yield has been improved of 19.3% in the optimum condition.
- microalgae,
- hydrothermal carbonization,
- hydrochar,
- fatty acid,
- esterification,
- transesterification
Citation: Vo Thanh Phuoc, Kunio Yoshikawa. Effect of the storage condition of microalgae on hydrochar lipids and direct esterification-transesterification of hydrochar lipids for biodiesel production[J]. AIMS Energy, 2017, 5(1): 39-53. doi: 10.3934/energy.2017.1.39

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Abstract

The hydrochar product from the hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of microalgae contains most of fatty acids (FAs) in the original microalgae. In the hydrochar, FAs exist in both types of bound fatty acids (BFAs) and free fatty acids (FFAs). Besides, when the microalgae paste is stored at the room temperature (25 °C) for one day, there is an increase of total fatty acids (TFAs) and free fatty acids (FFAs) in microalgae. The hydrochar from this microalgae paste was proved to have a higher amount of TFAs and a higher percentage of FFAs/TFAs compared to the ordinary hydrochar (without the additional storage step) in this research. Both of these factors favor for the subsequent acid catalyzed esterification-transesterification reaction of hydrochar lipids. In summary, a process based on a combination of the storage of fresh microalgae, the HTC of microalgae paste, and the direct esterification-transesterification of the hydrochar has been developed for biodiesel production. With the additional storage step of fresh microalgae, the total biodiesel yield has been improved of 19.3% in the optimum condition.

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