This present study sought to investigate whether there were factors that could discriminate insured from uninsured rural Americans.
Data for four groups were used: 34 uninsured, 102 government-insured (GP), 324 private- or employer-insured (PEP), and 96 both government- and private- or employer-insured (GPEP). A discriminant analysis was conducted on the four groups, using group membership as the dependent variable; age, education, income, attitude to insurance, emergency room visit, chronic disease prevalence were the independent variables.
The analysis yielded three discriminant functions, however the only significant function was the one that discriminated the PEP-insured individuals from the other groups. About 48% of the cases were classified correctly with the significant discriminant function.
The findings of this study can serve as a baseline for future research seeking to eradicate barriers to getting health insurance among the uninsured in rural America.
Citation: Promise Tewogbola, Norah Aung. Identifying the insured and uninsured in rural America: an empirical discriminant analysis[J]. AIMS Public Health, 2021, 8(3): 421-427. doi: 10.3934/publichealth.2021032
This present study sought to investigate whether there were factors that could discriminate insured from uninsured rural Americans.
Data for four groups were used: 34 uninsured, 102 government-insured (GP), 324 private- or employer-insured (PEP), and 96 both government- and private- or employer-insured (GPEP). A discriminant analysis was conducted on the four groups, using group membership as the dependent variable; age, education, income, attitude to insurance, emergency room visit, chronic disease prevalence were the independent variables.
The analysis yielded three discriminant functions, however the only significant function was the one that discriminated the PEP-insured individuals from the other groups. About 48% of the cases were classified correctly with the significant discriminant function.
The findings of this study can serve as a baseline for future research seeking to eradicate barriers to getting health insurance among the uninsured in rural America.
[1] | Benitez JA, Seiber EE (2018) US health care reform and rural America: results from the ACA's Medicaid expansions. J Rural Health 34: 213-222. doi: 10.1111/jrh.12284 |
[2] | Gong G, Phillips SG, Hudson C, et al. (2019) Higher US rural mortality rates linked to socioeconomic status, physician shortages, and lack of health insurance. Health Aff 38: 2003-2010. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2019.00722 |
[3] | Huguet N, Angier H, Hoopes MJ, et al. (2019) Prevalence of pre-existing conditions among community health center patients before and after the Affordable Care Act. J Am Board Fam Med 32: 883-889. doi: 10.3122/jabfm.2019.06.190087 |
[4] | Cha AE, Cohen RA (2020) Reasons for Being Uninsured Among Adults Aged 18–64 in the United States, 2019. NCHS Data Brief 1: 1-8. |
[5] | Foutz J, Artiga S, Garfield R (2017) The role of Medicaid in rural America Washington, DC: Kaiser Family Foundation. |
[6] | Buttorff C, Ruder T, Bauman M (2017) Multiple chronic conditions in the United States Santa Monica, CA: Rand. doi: 10.7249/TL221 |
[7] | Berkowitz SA, Terranova J, Hill C, et al. (2018) Meal delivery programs reduce the use of costly health care in dually eligible Medicare and Medicaid beneficiaries. Health Aff 37: 535-542. doi: 10.1377/hlthaff.2017.0999 |
[8] | Makowska M (2018) Uninsured America: problem of lack of health insurance cover-age in the US. JPHNMR 253: 33-39. |
[9] | Wippold GM, Nmezi N, Williams JL, et al. (2020) An Exploratory Study to Understand Factors Associated with Health-related Quality of Life Among Uninsured/Underinsured Patients as Identified by Clinic Providers and Staff. J Prim Care Community Health 11: 2150132720949412. doi: 10.1177/2150132720949412 |
[10] | Fernandez-Lazaro CI, Adams DP, Fernandez-Lazaro D, et al. (2019) Medication adherence and barriers among low-income, uninsured patients with multiple chronic conditions. Res Social Adm Pharm 15: 744-753. doi: 10.1016/j.sapharm.2018.09.006 |