Use of plant growth-promoting bacteria to facilitate phytoremediation

Elisa Gamalero; Bernard R. Glick; Elisa Gamalero; Bernard R. Glick

doi:10.3934/microbiol.2024021

AIMS Microbiology

2024, Volume 10, Issue 2: 415-448. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2024021

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Use of plant growth-promoting bacteria to facilitate phytoremediation

Elisa Gamalero ^{1
,
,},
Bernard R. Glick ²

1.
Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, Università del Piemonte Orientale, Viale T. Michel 11, Alessandria, 15121, Italy
2.
Department of Biology, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, ON, Canada N2L 3G1

Received: 08 March 2024 Revised: 31 May 2024 Accepted: 04 June 2024 Published: 12 June 2024

Here, phytoremediation studies of toxic metal and organic compounds using plants augmented with plant growth-promoting bacteria, published in the past few years, were summarized and reviewed. These studies complemented and extended the many earlier studies in this area of research. The studies summarized here employed a wide range of non-agricultural plants including various grasses indigenous to regions of the world. The plant growth-promoting bacteria used a range of different known mechanisms to promote plant growth in the presence of metallic and/or organic toxicants and thereby improve the phytoremediation ability of most plants. Both rhizosphere and endophyte PGPB strains have been found to be effective within various phytoremediation schemes. Consortia consisting of several PGPB were often more effective than individual PGPB in assisting phytoremediation in the presence of metallic and/or organic environmental contaminants.
- phytoremediation,
- environmental contamination,
- plant growth-promoting bacteria,
- soil bacteria,
- organic contaminants,
- metal contaminants
Citation: Elisa Gamalero, Bernard R. Glick. Use of plant growth-promoting bacteria to facilitate phytoremediation[J]. AIMS Microbiology, 2024, 10(2): 415-448. doi: 10.3934/microbiol.2024021

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Abstract

Here, phytoremediation studies of toxic metal and organic compounds using plants augmented with plant growth-promoting bacteria, published in the past few years, were summarized and reviewed. These studies complemented and extended the many earlier studies in this area of research. The studies summarized here employed a wide range of non-agricultural plants including various grasses indigenous to regions of the world. The plant growth-promoting bacteria used a range of different known mechanisms to promote plant growth in the presence of metallic and/or organic toxicants and thereby improve the phytoremediation ability of most plants. Both rhizosphere and endophyte PGPB strains have been found to be effective within various phytoremediation schemes. Consortia consisting of several PGPB were often more effective than individual PGPB in assisting phytoremediation in the presence of metallic and/or organic environmental contaminants.

Abbreviations

ACC

1-aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate

PGPB

plant growth-promoting bacteria

IAA

indole 3-acetic acid

PCBs

polychlorinated biphenyls

PAHs

polyaromatic hydrocarbons

Conflict of interest

The authors declare no conflict of interest.

Author contributions

Both the authors cooperated in conceptualization, methodology, investigation, writing review and editing.

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