A study on photonic crystal slab waveguide with absolute photonic band gap

Katsumasa Satoh; Yasuhide Tsuji; Katsumasa Satoh; Yasuhide Tsuji

doi:10.3934/matersci.2018.1.116

AIMS Materials Science

2018, Volume 5, Issue 1: 116-126. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2018.1.116

Previous Article Next Article

Research article Topical Sections

A study on photonic crystal slab waveguide with absolute photonic band gap

Katsumasa Satoh ,
Yasuhide Tsuji ^,

Division of Information and Electronic Engineering, Muroran Institute of Technology, 27-1Mizumoto-cho, Muroran, Hokkaido, 050-8585, JAPAN

Received: 29 November 2017 Accepted: 24 January 2018 Published: 01 February 2018

Most of the conventional photonic crystal (PhC) slab waveguides have a photonic band gap (PBG) only for one polarization state of two orthogonal polarization states. In this paper, we study on an absolute PBG that can realize PBG for both polarizations in the same frequency range and demonstrate that an absolute PBG can be realized in PhC structures proposed here. In the numerical analysis and design of PhC structures, we employ the two-dimensional finite element method (FEM) based on the effective index method (EIM). First, we propose two-types of PhC structures with an absolute PBG and show that a steering type PhC is superior to an air-ring type PhC to obtain a wideband absolute PBG. It is also shown that the optimized steering type PhC has the absolute PBG whose bandwidth of 164 nm at the center wavelength of 1.55 µm. Furthermore, we design PhC waveguides based on the obtained PhC structure having an absolute PBG in order to obtain guided modes for both polarization states within the same wavelength range. The transmission properties of the designed PhC waveguides are also investigated and 60 degree bends which are required in compact photonic circuits are designed. From these results, the possibility to realize compact polarization multiplexing photonic devices is shown.
- photonic crystal,
- absolute photonic band gap,
- photonic crystal waveguide,
- finite elementmethod,
- effective index method
Citation: Katsumasa Satoh, Yasuhide Tsuji. A study on photonic crystal slab waveguide with absolute photonic band gap[J]. AIMS Materials Science, 2018, 5(1): 116-126. doi: 10.3934/matersci.2018.1.116

Related Papers:

Abstract

Most of the conventional photonic crystal (PhC) slab waveguides have a photonic band gap (PBG) only for one polarization state of two orthogonal polarization states. In this paper, we study on an absolute PBG that can realize PBG for both polarizations in the same frequency range and demonstrate that an absolute PBG can be realized in PhC structures proposed here. In the numerical analysis and design of PhC structures, we employ the two-dimensional finite element method (FEM) based on the effective index method (EIM). First, we propose two-types of PhC structures with an absolute PBG and show that a steering type PhC is superior to an air-ring type PhC to obtain a wideband absolute PBG. It is also shown that the optimized steering type PhC has the absolute PBG whose bandwidth of 164 nm at the center wavelength of 1.55 µm. Furthermore, we design PhC waveguides based on the obtained PhC structure having an absolute PBG in order to obtain guided modes for both polarization states within the same wavelength range. The transmission properties of the designed PhC waveguides are also investigated and 60 degree bends which are required in compact photonic circuits are designed. From these results, the possibility to realize compact polarization multiplexing photonic devices is shown.

References

[1]	Joannopoulos JD, Villeneuve PR, Fan S (1997) Photonic crystals: pitting a new twist on light. Nature 386: 143–149. doi: 10.1038/386143a0
[2]	Villeneuve PR, Piche M (1992) Photonic band gaps in two-dimensional square and hexagonal lattices. Phys Rev B 46: 4969–4972. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.46.4969
[3]	Anderson CM, Giapis KP (1996) Larger two-dimensional photonic band gaps. Phys Rev Lett 77: 2949–2951. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.77.2949
[4]	Kee CS, Kim JE, Park HY (1997) Absolute photonic bandgap in a two-dimensional square lattice of square dierectric rods in air. Phys Rev E 56: R6293.
[5]	Anderson CM, Giapis KP (1997) Symmetry reduction in group 4 mm photonic crystals. Phys Rev B 56: 7313–7320. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.56.7313
[6]	Qiu M, He S (1999) Large complete bandgap in two-dimensional photonic crystals with elliptic air holes. Phys Rev B 60: 10610–10612. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.60.10610
[7]	Shen L, He S, Xian S (2002) Large absolute band gaps in two-dimensional photonic crystals formed by large dielectric pixels. Phys Rev B 66: 165315. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.66.165315
[8]	Trifonov T, Marsal LF, Rodriguez A, et al. (2004) E ects of symmetry reduction in twodimensional square and triangular lattices. Phys Rev B 69: 235112. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevB.69.235112
[9]	Wen F, David S, Checoury X, et al. (2008) Two-dimensional photonic crystals with large complete photonic band gaps in both TE and TM polarizations. Opt Express 16: 12278–12289. doi: 10.1364/OE.16.012278
[10]	Cerjan A, Fan S (2017) Complete photonic band gaps in supercell photonic crystals. Phys Rev A 96: 051802. doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.96.051802
[11]	Kurt H, Citrin DS (2005) Annular photonic crystals. Opt Express 13: 10316–10326. doi: 10.1364/OPEX.13.010316
[12]	Kurt H, Hao R, Chen Y, et al. (2008) Design of annular photonic crystal slabs. Opt Lett 33: 1614–1616. doi: 10.1364/OL.33.001614
[13]	Shi P, Huang K, Kanng X, et al. (2010) Creation of large band gap with anisotropic annular photonic crystal slab structure. Opt Express 18: 5221–5228. doi: 10.1364/OE.18.005221
[14]	Razari B, Kalafi M (2006) Engineering absolute band gap in anisotropic hexagonal photonic crystals. Opt Commun 266: 159–163. doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2006.04.035
[15]	Razari B, Khalkhali FT, Bala AS, et al. (2009) Absolute band gap properties in two-dimensional photonic crystals composed of air rings in anisotropic tellurium background. Opt Commun 282: 2861–2869. doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2009.04.048
[16]	Khalkhali FT, Razari B, Kalafi M (2011) Enlargement of absolute photonic band gap in modified 2D anisotropic annular photonic crystals. Opt Commun 284: 3315–3322. doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2011.03.006
[17]	Erol AE, Sӧzüer HS (2015) High transmission through a 90° bend in a polarization-independent single-mode photonic crystal waveguide. Opt Express 23: 32690–32695. doi: 10.1364/OE.23.032690
[18]	Tsuji Y, Morita Y, Hirayama K (2006) Photonic crystal waveguide based on 2-D photonic crystal with absolute photonic band gap. IEEE Photonic Tech L 18: 2410–2412. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2006.885295
[19]	Morita Y, Tsuji Y, Hirayama K (2008) Proposal for a compact resonant-coupling-type polarization splitter based on photonic crystal waveguide with absolute photonic bandgap. IEEE Photonic Tech L 20: 93–95. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2007.912558
[20]	Wu H, Citrin DS, Jiang L, et al. (2015) Polarization-Independent Single-ModeWaveguidingWith Honeycomb Photonic Crystals. IEEE Photonic Tech L 27: 840–843. doi: 10.1109/LPT.2015.2394463
[21]	Rani P, Kara Y, Sinha RK (2016) Design and analysis of polarization independent all-optical logic gates in silicon-on-insulator photonic crystal. Opt Commun 374: 148–155. doi: 10.1016/j.optcom.2016.04.037
[22]	Sӓynӓtjoki A, Mulot M, Ahopelto J, et al. (2007) Dispersion engineering of photonic crystal waveguides with ring-shaped holes. Opt Express 15: 8323–8328. doi: 10.1364/OE.15.008323
[23]	Hou J, Citrin DS, Wu H, et al. (2011) Enhanced bandgap in annular photonic-crystal silicon-oninsulator asymmetric slabs. Opt Lett 36: 2263–2265. doi: 10.1364/OL.36.002263
[24]	Wang F, Cheng YZ, Wang X, et al. (2018) Effective modulation of the photonic band gap based on Ge/ZnS one-dimensional photonic crystal at the infrared band. Opt Mater 75: 373–378. doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2017.10.053
[25]	Wang X, Qi D, Wang F, et al. (2017) Design and fabrication of energy effcient film based on one-dimensional photonic band gap structures. J Alloy Compd 697: 1–4. doi: 10.1016/j.jallcom.2016.12.047
[26]	Qi D, Wang X, Cheng Y, et al. (2016) Design and characterization of one-dimensional photonic crystals based on ZnS/Ge for infrared-visible compatible stealth applications. Opt Mater 62: 52–56. doi: 10.1016/j.optmat.2016.09.024
[27]	Okamoto K (2005) Fundamentals of optical waveguides, 2Eds, Academic Press.
[28]	Koshiba M (1992) Optical waveguide theory by the finite element method, Tokyo/Dordrecht: KTK Scientific Publishers/Kluwer Academic Publishers.
[29]	Tsuji Y, Koshiba M (2002) Finite element method using port truncation by perfectly matched layer boundary conditions for optical waveguide discontinuity problems. J Lightwave Technol 20: 463–468. doi: 10.1109/50.988995
[30]	Koshiba M, Tsuji Y, Sasaki S (2001) High-performance absorbing boundary conditions for photonic crystal waveguide a simulations. IEEE Microw Wirel Co 11: 152–154. doi: 10.1109/7260.916327

Reader Comments

Your name:*

Email:*
© 2018 the Author(s), licensee AIMS Press. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0)