Previous experiments have shown that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields could cause serious effects on the evolution of cells. We propose a mathematical model which confirms those results. In our model, electromagnetic waves could cause the motions of ions and charges and the emergence of some currents around and in the interior of cells. These currents produce some waves which interact with the DNAs and remove or attach some repressors. Consequently, some genes could be turned on or off, and cells could obtain some properties or lose them. The frequency of the external waves should be close to the frequency of the exchanged waves between the repressors and DNAs or even bigger than them. We test this idea and did some experiments on quail embryonic cells. We connected a sample of these cells to a battery and considered their evolution. We observed that after connecting the battery and the production of electrical current, some rings around the quail embryonic cells emerged. Maybe, these rings are the response of the cells to changes in electromagnetic waves and electrical currents.
Citation: Massimo Fioranelli, Maria Grazia Roccia, Aroonkumar Beesham, Dana Flavin, M. Ghaeni, Faissal AZIZ. A model for considering effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on quail embryonic cells[J]. AIMS Biophysics, 2022, 9(3): 198-207. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2022017
| [1] | Maria Conceição A. Leite, Yunjiao Wang . Multistability, oscillations and bifurcations in feedback loops. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2010, 7(1): 83-97. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2010.7.83 |
| [2] | Lingli Zhou, Fengqing Fu, Yao Wang, Ling Yang . Interlocked feedback loops balance the adaptive immune response. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2022, 19(4): 4084-4100. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2022188 |
| [3] | Dongxiang Gao, Yujun Zhang, Libing Wu, Sihan Liu . Fixed-time command filtered output feedback control for twin-roll inclined casting system with prescribed performance. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2024, 21(2): 2282-2301. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2024100 |
| [4] | Yue Liu, Wing-Cheong Lo . Analysis of spontaneous emergence of cell polarity with delayed negative feedback. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2019, 16(3): 1392-1413. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2019068 |
| [5] | T. J. Newman . Modeling Multicellular Systems Using Subcellular Elements. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2005, 2(3): 613-624. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2005.2.613 |
| [6] | Akinori Awazu . Input-dependent wave propagations in asymmetric cellular automata: Possible behaviors of feed-forward loop in biological reaction network. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2008, 5(3): 419-427. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2008.5.419 |
| [7] | Na Zhang, Jianwei Xia, Tianjiao Liu, Chengyuan Yan, Xiao Wang . Dynamic event-triggered adaptive finite-time consensus control for multi-agent systems with time-varying actuator faults. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2023, 20(5): 7761-7783. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023335 |
| [8] | Qiushi Wang, Hongwei Ren, Zhiping Peng, Junlin Huang . Dynamic event-triggered consensus control for nonlinear multi-agent systems under DoS attacks. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2024, 21(2): 3304-3318. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2024146 |
| [9] | Cristina De Ambrosi, Annalisa Barla, Lorenzo Tortolina, Nicoletta Castagnino, Raffaele Pesenti, Alessandro Verri, Alberto Ballestrero, Franco Patrone, Silvio Parodi . Parameter space exploration within dynamic simulations of signaling networks. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2013, 10(1): 103-120. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2013.10.103 |
| [10] | Hany Bauomy . Safety action over oscillations of a beam excited by moving load via a new active vibration controller. Mathematical Biosciences and Engineering, 2023, 20(3): 5135-5158. doi: 10.3934/mbe.2023238 |
Previous experiments have shown that extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields could cause serious effects on the evolution of cells. We propose a mathematical model which confirms those results. In our model, electromagnetic waves could cause the motions of ions and charges and the emergence of some currents around and in the interior of cells. These currents produce some waves which interact with the DNAs and remove or attach some repressors. Consequently, some genes could be turned on or off, and cells could obtain some properties or lose them. The frequency of the external waves should be close to the frequency of the exchanged waves between the repressors and DNAs or even bigger than them. We test this idea and did some experiments on quail embryonic cells. We connected a sample of these cells to a battery and considered their evolution. We observed that after connecting the battery and the production of electrical current, some rings around the quail embryonic cells emerged. Maybe, these rings are the response of the cells to changes in electromagnetic waves and electrical currents.
| [1] |
Zhang Y, Yan J, Xu H, et al. (2018) Extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields promote mesenchymal stem cell migration by increasing intracellular Ca2+ and activating the FAK/Rho GTPases signaling pathways in vitro. Stem Cell Res Ther 9: 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-018-0883-4 
|
| [2] |
Ross CL, Siriwardane M, Almeida-Porada G, et al. (2015) The effect of low-frequency electromagnetic field on human bone marrow stem/progenitor cell differentiation. Stem Cell Res 15: 96-108. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.scr.2015.04.009
|
| [3] |
Chernov AS, Reshetnikov DA, Ristsov GK, et al. (2019) Influence of electromagnetic waves, with maxima in the green or red range, on the morphofunctional properties of multipotent stem cells. J Biol Phys 45: 317-334. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10867-019-09531-7
|
| [4] |
Bai W, Li M, Xu W, et al. (2021) Comparison of effects of high-and low-frequency electromagnetic fields on proliferation and differentiation of neural stem cells. Neurosci Lett 741: 135463. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neulet.2020.135463
|
| [5] |
Parate D, Franco-Obregón A, Fröhlich J, et al. (2017) Enhancement of mesenchymal stem cell chondrogenesis with short-term low intensity pulsed electromagnetic fields. Sci Rep 7: 9421. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-017-09892-w
|
| [6] |
Tu C, Xiao Y, Ma Y, et al. (2018) The legacy effects of electromagnetic fields on bone marrow mesenchymal stem cell self-renewal and multiple differentiation potential. Stem Cell Res Ther 9: 215. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-018-0955-5
|
| [7] |
Chen J, Tu C, Tang X, et al. (2019) The combinatory effect of sinusoidal electromagnetic field and VEGF promotes osteogenesis and angiogenesis of mesenchymal stem cell-laden PCL/HA implants in a rat subcritical cranial defect. Stem Cell Res Ther 10: 379. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-019-1464-x
|
| [8] |
Maziarz A, Kocan B, Bester M, et al. (2016) How electromagnetic fields can influence adult stem cells: positive and negative impacts. Stem Cell Res Ther 7: 54. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13287-016-0312-5
|
| [9] |
He N, Wang Y, Zhang C, et al. (2018) Wnt signaling pathway regulates differentiation of chicken embryonic stem cells into spermatogonial stem cells via Wnt5a. J Cell Biochem 119: 1689-1701. https://doi.org/10.1002/jcb.26329
|
| [10] |
Giotis ES, Montillet G, Pain B, et al. (2019) Chicken embryonic-stem cells are permissive to poxvirus recombinant vaccine vectors. Genes 10: 237. https://doi.org/10.3390/genes10030237
|
| [11] |
Xiong C, Wang M, Ling W, et al. (2020) Advances in isolation and culture of chicken embryonic stem cells in vitro. Cell Reprogram 22: 43-54. https://doi.org/10.1089/cell.2019.0080
|
| [12] |
Zuo Q, Jin K, Zhang Y, et al. (2017) Dynamic expression and regulatory mechanism of TGF-β signaling in chicken embryonic stem cells differentiating into spermatogonial stem cells. Biosci Rep 37: BSR20170179. https://doi.org/10.1042/BSR20170179
|
| 1. | Fernando Antunes, Paula Matos Brito, Quantitative biology of hydrogen peroxide signaling, 2017, 13, 22132317, 1, 10.1016/j.redox.2017.04.039 | |
| 2. | Tamar Friedlander, Roshan Prizak, Călin C. Guet, Nicholas H. Barton, Gašper Tkačik, Intrinsic limits to gene regulation by global crosstalk, 2016, 7, 2041-1723, 10.1038/ncomms12307 | |
| 3. | Michał Komorowski, Dan S. Tawfik, The Limited Information Capacity of Cross-Reactive Sensors Drives the Evolutionary Expansion of Signaling, 2019, 8, 24054712, 76, 10.1016/j.cels.2018.12.006 | |
| 4. | Alejandra C. Ventura, Alan Bush, Gustavo Vasen, Matías A. Goldín, Brianne Burkinshaw, Nirveek Bhattacharjee, Albert Folch, Roger Brent, Ariel Chernomoretz, Alejandro Colman-Lerner, Utilization of extracellular information before ligand-receptor binding reaches equilibrium expands and shifts the input dynamic range, 2014, 111, 0027-8424, E3860, 10.1073/pnas.1322761111 | |
| 5. | Damon A. Clark, Raphael Benichou, Markus Meister, Rava Azeredo da Silveira, Lyle J. Graham, Dynamical Adaptation in Photoreceptors, 2013, 9, 1553-7358, e1003289, 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1003289 | |
| 6. | Ilan Smoly, Haim Elbaz, Chaim Engelen, Tahel Wechsler, Gal Elbaz, Giora Ben-Ari, Alon Samach, Tamar Friedlander, John Lunn, A model estimating the level of floral transition in olive trees exposed to warm periods during winter, 2024, 0022-0957, 10.1093/jxb/erae459 |
Figures(7)
Massimo Fioranelli, Maria Grazia Roccia, Aroonkumar Beesham, Dana Flavin, M. Ghaeni, Faissal AZIZ. A model for considering effects of extremely low frequency electromagnetic fields on quail embryonic cells[J]. AIMS Biophysics, 2022, 9(3): 198-207. doi: 10.3934/biophy.2022017
DownLoad: